Quantitative Analysis On Spatial Agglomeration And Distribution Of Specialized Villages Of Planting Industry

In our country, we have paid much attention to the issues of agriculture, farmer and rural area. At the same time, we should think more seriously about how to develop the rural economy. Both the first policy document of our country and the report on government work of Henan Province consider the development of rural leading industry as the primary task for a long time. The development of specialized village is helpful to the formation of rural leading industry, and it is the mainstay of the rural economy. Most of the specialized villages are the planting ones. At present, most researches about specialized village are qualitative ones, few of them are quantitative ones. This paper uses software such as ArcGIS, Geoda, CrimeStat and so on. It studies the change rules of 89 tea planting specialized villages’ agglomeration degree and distribution characteristics from 2000 to 2012 in Shihe District, Xinyang City. And this paper tries to find the key factors that affect the development and distribution of tea planting specialized villages. It tries to propose the corresponding countermeasure at the same time, aiming to provide some references to the quantitative research on planting specialized villages.We get the following conclusion from the paper:(1)As a whole, the tea planting industry developed rapidly in Shihe District from 2000 to 2012. And most of the planting industries are in the specialized villages all the time. The K function shows that the agglomeration scale of specialized villages is gradually reducing. The Gink coefficient proves that the industry income has experienced two cycles of agglomeration during its development. The SP index proves the spatial agglomeration of the tea industries and the specialized villages. The value of Moran I shows obvious spatial clustering phenomenon among specialized villages. At first, the leading specialized villages are powerful. And then specialized villages, enterprises and professional cooperatives play a leading role by point-axis effect. We can get the distribution law of specialized villages by LISA figure. It shows that the western area is the core area. And the southeast where the new specialized villages lie is the edge area. In recent years, the edge area expands to both southeast and northwest areas. As a whole, from western areas to eastern areas in Shihe District, it just turns out to be the core-edge area of tea planting industry.(2)We analyze the result in stages. From 2000 to 2005, the leading specialized villages play an important role. The tea planting industry becomes more agglomerated. The scale of specialized villages’ spacial agglomeration has been enlarged. But tea planting industry which takes specialized villages as the basic unit turns to be more agglomerated. This indicates that industrial agglomeration power weighs more than spacial diffusion power. At the same time, specialized villages’ special dependence gradually increases and they tend to be more agglomerated. From 2005 to 2010, the district’s tea planting industry begins to expand in a large scale. Tea industries tend to diffuse and the scale of specialized villages’ spacial agglomeration has been narrowed. But tea planting industry which takes specialized villages as the basic unit turns to be more and more agglomerated. This indicates that industrial diffusion power weighs less than spacial agglomeration power. At the same time, specialized villages’ spacial dependence gradually decreases. Both the core areas and edge areas tend to diffuse. The north-central area is High-Low agglomerated and the southeast and northeast are Low-High agglomerated. From 2010 to 2012, tea planting industry begins to enter into a new agglomeration cycle. The tea industries are much more agglomerated and the spatial agglomeration scale of specialized villages becomes narrow considerably. The agglomeration degree of tea planting industry which takes specialized villages as the basic unit has slightly reduced because of new specialized villages. The spatial dependence of specialized villages is enhanced. The core area is located in the west of Shihe District while the edge area is in the southeast and northeast of the district. The geographical distribution is concentrated. At the same time, there are some distributed high-low aggregation points.(3) This paper also analyzes the distribution feature of specialized villages. There are many specialized villages with large spatial distribution density of tea peasants along town boundaries. Although the production value of these specialized villages is not so high, they form a large scale of tea planting region because of their traditions and environments. Their location is the dead zone of the spread of technology and government policies. Thus we should pay attention to their development. By buffer analysis on the distribution of specialized villages, we find that in the past 12 years most specialized villages locate in the areas which have an elevation between 100 and 200 meters. And these villages are near the river within 500 meters. And this paper predicts that the traffic will affect the further development of tea industrial chain in the future.(4)By studying the key factors affecting the development and distribution of specialized villages, this paper can get the following conclusion. Policies promote the large-scale development of specialized villages; The technological innovations accelerate the further agglomeration of specialized villages; And the natural conditions limit the agglomeration range of specialized villages. With the change of production pattern, specialized villages form the point-axis driving system, and the massive economies are finally appeared. To make the specialized villages develop stably and healthily, our government should focus on the development of specialized villages along town boundaries and in high-low agglomerated areas. At the same time, the government should promote science and technology,implement mechanized production and build a high yield, high standard and high quality tea industry. In addition, the government should focus on each link of the tea-industry chain. And also the tea market should be standardized, tea farmers’ quality should be enhanced and the tea brand should be promoted. On the other hand, specialized villages in different areas should concentrate on the development themselves and revitalize rural economy by making full use of agglomeration effect. What’s more, this paper also verifies the Spatial Interface Theory, which set a stage for future research.