The Study On Factors Of Regional Differences In Agricultural Total Factor Productivity

With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization process, coupled with the constraints of agricultural production resources and the environment in China, agricultural development appears imbalances and TFP regional disparities is growing. Therefore, the study of agricultural TFP factors is not only conducive to narrow the gap between TFP,but also have great significance in achieving sustainable and stable in agriculture production. After the 1990 s, the regional imbalances begin to appear in China’s agricultural development, mainly in the areas of eastern, central and western’s agricultural TFP growth rate showing a descending trend, and the TFP growing rate presents a decreasing trend. Thus, improving agricultural TFP and reducing agricultural TFP gap between regions appropriately not only conducive to narrow the gap between TFP, but also have great significance in achieving sustainable and stable in agriculture production.This paper firstly adopted the complete Fare-Primont TFP index method to measure and decompose the total factor productivity of agriculture. The Fare-Primont TFP index method showed that the annual average of agriculture total factor productivity in our country from 1979 to 2012 year is 0.300, the annual average of technical efficiency is 0.708, scale efficiency and mixing efficiency annual are 0.879 and 0.713, respectively.Secondly, using the return of uneven divisions method based on the shapley value of to measure agricultural total factor productivity’s regional difference in China between 1979 and 2012. In terms of structure decomposition, agricultural total factor productivity’s regional differences is narrowing, the technical efficiency of regional differences become larger, but make the largest contribution to the regional differences. the mixing efficiency and scale efficiency of agricultural production both appear to drop first and then rise steady; In terms of space decomposition, agricultural total factor productivity gap mainly comes from the contribution of the difference between the eastern and western regions, followed by eastern inner provinces, the trend of the gap between the three regions is expanding, and the gap within eastern region and western region are reduced gradually, the internal disparities between provinces in central region is small and little changed.Thirdly, based on the panel data of 28 provinces in China durning 1997-2009, using the least square method to study the influence factors of agricultural TFP, there are human capital in agriculture, market development degree of products and factors, the level of financial support on agriculture, the ratio of non-agricultural employment in total employment and the disaster rate. Research shows that: there are significant positive correlation between human capital and agriculture TFP; the degree of product market and factor market development are indicators as a representative of the marketization degree shows that the influence of product market development has more positive effect than the factor market to agricultural TFP; the level of financial support on agriculture has a significant positive correlation with agricultural TFP, and the influence on agricultural TFP also is larger; the relationship between employment proportion and the agricultural TFP is significantly positive; the disaster rate has a significantly negative effects to the agricultural TFP.Finally, after summarizes and analyzes the agricultural TFP and its influence factors on regional differences, we put forward some policy suggestions.