| The development of the manufacturing sector have a very significant impact on the economic development speed of both China and the United States. Under the influence of the third industrial revolution, the two countries that respectively act as the superpower of manufacturing and the largest power of manufacturing are attracting worldwide attention, for their manufacturing development process driving the future of manufacturing and their manufacturing structural changes reshaping the global economy. In the 1990s, the tertiary industry especially service industry developed rapidly in the United States, which weaken the role manufacturing played in economic development. In 2008, the "subprime crisis" occurred, which has been a major blow to the US economy. To go out of the doldrums, the US government re-recognize the importance of manufacturing to economic development and carried out re-industrialization strategy, which aims to develop manufactured goods with high technical contented. This strategy aimed to make manufacturing factories go back to the US and stimulate economic development, improve the employment rate as well. With the help of high-end technology and cutting-edge research and development person, the US hope to be the leader of manufacturing industry by the development of advanced manufacturing. Nowadays, China experience a period of economic fast growing, and the level of income per capita substantially increased, which weakened the original advantage of labor-intensive manufacturing industry that developing very fast based on cheap labor costs. Meanwhile, low-end manufacturing has been inconsistent with China’s current economic strength. If China would like to have a further development in economic, the country must improve its position in the manufacturing chain. Chinese government put forward industrial restructuring and upgrading strategy, and China hope to achieve industrial transformation and upgrading and improve the industry’s core competitiveness by fostering the development of strategic emerging industries and accelerate the development of producer services.Both China and the US has promulgated many strategic policy for the development of manufacturing sector. What are they? What kinds of stimulus these policies will have? How will those strategies impact on the economic development in the two countries? What will be the exports advantages of manufactured goods? How to develop manufacturing in the future? Those questions should be think seriously again and again during manufacture transformation and upgrading process.This article will explore these issues and hope by comparing the development situation of manufacturing industry in recent year, the strategic policies of the two countries, and the policy data from 2009 to now, when the strategy has implementation five or six years after they are carried out. Then analysis the short-term impact those policy has on economic growth, and exports. Get the conclusion that what China’s manufacturing industry can learn and need to adhere from the strategic policy.After a series of analysis in this paper, we can get the concludes:according to the long-term neglect on manufacturing sector, the development process and exports of manufacturing in the United States at the present stage is not fully showed their effects in economic growth, raising the employment rate, balance of international payments. Impact of China’s manufacturing industry on the Chinese economy has been great, however, because of rising labor costs of industrial restructuring in recent years, this industry has a diminished capacity to absorb employment. The effect of US Strategic policy on manufacturing sector in the short term is not obvious, while China’s transformation and upgrading of industrial structure policy has been reflected in short term manufacturing development. This almost opposite results has close relation to manufacturing industry development experience in the two country. If China wants to further develop the manufacturing sector, it must continue to adjust and optimize the industrial structure of manufacturing, enhance independent innovation capability, increase scientific and technological content of manufacturing product, develop strategic emerging industries as well as joint develop the manufacturing-related services. |
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