Comprehensive Measure And Optimization Research Of Beijing Urban Compactness

Beijing’s urbanization rate increased from 78.06% in 2013 to 86.3% in 2001. With the rapid growth of population and the scale of urban space, the urban problems such as environmental pollution, traffic congestion, low efficiency of land use are highlighted. The spatial growth of Beijing city is the trend of the spread of urban central area. Meanwhile, resource saving and environment friendly has become the developing direction of the world’s cities. China also pointed out clearly that we should build a scientific and reasonable urban pattern, take the road of intensive, smart, green, low-carbon new urbanization. Thus it is urgent to solve the problem that how to curb the spread of the City and achieve the sustainable development of Beijing city. The compact city theory, as an effective way to promote the urban development, is an important reference and guidance for the development of Beijing city.However, the compact city theory originated from the western developed countries, so it is still necessary to discuss whether it can be applied to the development of Beijing city. Although Beijing is quite different from the western countries in the spreading mechanism, characteristics of the spread and many other aspects, but the connotation of theme internal demand of the development of Beijing city and the "compact city" has a high degree of fit, so long as the notice, the "compact city" is in line with the Beijing city development path, but also to break the spread of Beijing development key problem.On the basis of the above analysis, the AHP level analysis method is used to determine the weight of each index, and to construct a compact model of the urban function, then analyze the compact degree of the function of Beijing city from three aspects:Industry compactness, space compactness and traffic compactness. Measurement results show that during 2005-2013 Beijing city’s industry, space and traffic compactness are on the rise, although the current Beijing city has reached a certain degree of compactness, but there is still a large room for growth. As to the compact degree of the function, it can be found that there is a significant heterogeneity in space, and the ecological conservation area is seriously lagging behind other functional areas in addition to the compact degree of industry. The compact degree of the function of Beijing city is in accordance with the compact degree of space structure, which shows that the central area is intensive while the peripheral area is quite sparse.Improving the compactness is still one of the important ways to improve the efficiency of Beijing, and balance the development of the center and suburban districts is the key to improve the overall compact degree of Beijing. Beijing city should focus on the scientific connotation of "compact city", with a multi-pronged approach from the aspects of industry, space, traffic, so as to realize the compact development of Beijing.