Performance Appraisal Of Forestry Ecological Compensation In China

With the degradation of forest resources and the increasing demand for ecological benefits of forests, the contradiction between supply and demand of forest ecosystem service is becoming more and more acute. The establishment of forest ecological compensation system is helpful to realize the transformation from free to paid for the use. It is an effective means to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of ecosystem service, and to realize the coordinated development of regional ecological protection and economic growth. With the deepening of the practice of ecological compensation in China, the comprehensive benefit evaluation of forestry ecological compensation has gradually become a new research hotspot. But the research on the benefit evaluation of forestry ecological compensation in China lags behind the practice of ecological compensation. Making comprehensive analysis on the benefits of forestry ecological compensation in China, and exerting the function of supervision and feedback of performance evaluation is of great significance to revise and improve the ecological compensation policy and to maximize the benefits of ecological compensation.This paper reviews the history of forest ecological compensation and summarizes the existing problems. By selecting the index system which can reflect the ecological benefits, economic benefits and social benefits of forestry ecological compensation and using principal component analysis method, this paper calculated the ecological benefit, economic benefit and social benefit of 25 provinces in China from 2006 to 2011, and analysis the outcome from the angle of vertical and horizontal. Through the empirical analysis, the factors that affect the benefit of forestry ecological compensation are explored.There are three innovations in this paper. First, after reviewing the history of forest ecological compensation, this paper divides the history of forest ecological compensation into three periods, namely the problem exposure period, the germination period and the system formation period. It is found that the evolution of China’s forestry ecological compensation system is gradually advancing by two factors, one is that the role of forest ecosystem services to human highlights, the other is that the scarcity of forest ecosystem services increased gradually. Second, in this paper, the ecological benefit, economic benefit and social benefit of forest ecological compensation in China are calculated. It turns out that the ecological benefit, economic benefit and social benefit are all increasing. According to the relative magnitude of the ecological benefit, economic benefit and social benefit, these provinces can be divided into two groups. For one group, the ecological benefit value is greater than the economic and social benefit value, this group mainly bear the responsibility of ecological protection, for the other group, the value of ecological benefit is less than the value of economic benefit and social benefit. Third, in the analysis of the influence factors of forestry ecological compensation benefit, the empirical analysis shows that the forestry ecological compensation system has effectively promoted the growth of ecological benefits. Specifically speaking, the promotion of forestry ecological benefit is mainly affected by the positive impact of the cumulative investment and fixed investment in the forestry ecological compensation, and it has nothing to do with the input of the forestry ecological compensation. From the two term of the regression results, although the system has promoted the ecological benefits in the long term, the way or path of the ecological benefits of the system is changed. Specifically speaking, ecological benefits will reduce in the early stage of the system and will increase in the late period of the system, this may be related to the gradual adaptation of the system of farmers.Countermeasures and suggestions are proposed according to the research content and the empirical analysis of this paper. In order to realize the benefit of forestry ecological compensation, it is very necessary to promote the development of forestry ecological compensation continually and to ensure long-term benefit. In order to consolidate the results of the compensation, it is also necessary to increase the forestry ecological compensation investment in the key areas. It is also helpful to construct the forestry ecological observation station and to explore the forestry ecological capital accounting. It is helpful to realize the combination of ecological compensation and compensation for damage to ecological environment, and optimize the allocation of the limited ecological compensation funds to achieve a better compensation effect.