Loess Plateau Eco-fragile Areas Of Forest Property Rights Circulation And Compensation Study

In forest management, the clarification of property rights and the distribution of interests are very important. Since 2003 on the basis of establishing clear ownership, taking less and loosening control, carrying out disposition and making sure about income right, the reform of collective forestry right has improved productive relationship in forestry household contract management as well as emancipate the productive forces. During the process of reform of collective forestry right, under the principle of management for forest classification, China has taken different management methods for both commercial forest and non-commercial forest. Through household contract management and introduction of market mechanism, commercial forest managers have got competitiveness and exclusiveness so as to realize their property right. However, in China it takes the same management measures as that of public welfare utility, which has limit the application and development of the subjects. During this process, the problem which must be solved is how to guarantee non-commercial forest owners'benefits which might become the new contradiction in order to realize the value of ecological protection and let them manage non-commercial forest spontaneously. Because forest in ecologically fragile regions play a important part in protecting ecological environment and maintaining ecological balances, the question about forest property' management and shifting is very important.In this thesis, the author chooses Zizhou county as study area. This county is in the center of the loess plateau ecologically fragile areas where water and soil erosion becomes more and more serious. Combining the methods data collection and field survey to discuss issues such as division of collective forest property, shift of forest property,compensation of forest property, and ecological purchase. All this question can provide reference for the forest management in the loess plateau ecologically fragile areas. This thesis comes to the main content and the conclusion that:(1) Through the analysis of natural and social conditions on forestry construction in Zizhou county, it poses the following problems:such as it is lack of power in forest development before this reform in Zizhou county; besides, there is the dispersion in management of forestry property right which is not good for developing scale business and the circulation of forestry property right does not go well.(2)This thesis discusses the historical of division of forest property in detail. It divides the reform of forest property into 4 periods. They are the privatization of forest land, the collectivization of forest land, the diversification of forest management and the diversified ownership of forest property. This new period beginning in 2003 brings fresh meaning for the forest property. In new stage, forest reform considers the farmer's benefits and ecological protection as the guidance principle, dealing with the relationship between collective and individual, management and release as primary content, clarity of forestry right as important target; as well as carries out the new management model from top to bottom.(3)This thesis discusses the questions about forest properties'division and compensation using zizhou county as an example. The result shows that it is the commercial forest property that can be transferred. The non-commercial forest property can be came true only by the country's compensation which is much less than the non-commercial forest's ecological service value. Using the method which can calculate the ecological service value of non-commercial forest, the thesis gets the result that the water and soil conservation value, one part of ecological service value is 1091.38 yuan/mu.The result is much higher than active financial aid which is 90 yuan/mu.(4)This thesis discusses a new way to make the non-commercial forest transfer come true, that is ecological purchase. And it tentatively put forward the formula to calculate the purchase price. The thesis poses the problems of being lack of capital, attention to subject position and management system, and huge gap between the active financial aid and the ecological service value of non-commercial forest. All these problems point to one result that is using ecological purchase instead of ecological compensation. The process of ecological purchase composes by recover of forest land use rights and the purchase of non-commercial forest's ecological service value. The price can be calculated by repurchasing the remaining life of forest land use right and purchasing the non-commercial forest's ecological service value. Considering the long time which costs to prepare the ecological purchase, the thesis proposes that the ecological purchase can be carried out by enterprises which have polluted the environment during the manufacturing process. It can give reference for the police carrying out in the large-scale.