| China, Russia, DPRK, Republic of Korea and Mongolia launched the Tumen River Regional Cooperative Development Project under the initiative of the United Nations Development Programmer in 1992. After more than 20 years of joint efforts, some relevant countries have made great progress in their own fields, and multilateral cooperative system and mechanism have been gradually mature. However, because the countries which participated in regional cooperation have many differences in their national conditions, development foundations, requirements and patterns, it also resulted in a lot of differences in the level of development and opening of each area. Especially other participants didn’t pay much attention to the Tumen River Area, it caused that Tumen River regional cooperation is not ideal enough. This thesis is attempting to analyze the frontiers of history, development status, restraining factors and impediments, development opportunities and prospects of relevant countries in this area, in order to discuss how Hunchun should overcome the development obstacles, deal with the restraining factors, seize the opportunities, take the lead in developing, thus promote and affect the common development around the area and play an exemplary and leading role for the development and opening and international cooperation of the border area under the support of the state, Jilin Province and Yanbian Prefecture.After more than 20 years of cooperation and development, there are still many difficulties and obstacles in Tumen River Region, and it also appeared some repeatability and tortuosity. But generally speaking, the developing of Tumen River has made great progress. The emphasis on this area of the relevant countries is being promoted, cooperative mechanism is being improved, policy support and capital investment is being increased, infrastructure and economic development levels are being improved. The development and opening-up of Hunchun has achieved significant results. The construction of infrastructure is becoming better, international cooperation is making great progress obviously, economic society is growing rapidly, and comprehensive strength has jumped the fifth in counties of Jilin Province, which is leading the neighboring countries and regions.There are still some obstacles and restraining factors in the developing progress of international cooperation in Tumen River Region. External factors includes that the economic foundation is weak and the population is sparse in the Far East of Russia; the opening degree of DPRK is low and national economy is backward because of the international political and economic sanctions; although Republic of Korea has plenty of capitals and advanced technology, the state pays less attention to the East Coast; Mongolia also has abundant natural resources, but it’s industrial structure is single, transportation is inconvenient, infrastructure is incomplete, and there is a shortage of capital, technology and human resources. Generally speaking, the infrastructures of transportation, harbors and ports are lagging behind, the economic development is not high and unbalanced. From its own factors, the ports and the foreign trade of Hunchun are not active, the economic foundation is comparatively weak and industrial structures are unreasonable. The elements of development are incomplete, capital, technology and human resources are lacking.At present, Hunchun is in the history of the most favorable developing environment, and it is also confronted with the rare development opportunities in history. From the external environment, the development strategy of the Russian Far East will boost the regional cooperation between northeast of China and the Far East of Russia. The principle of developing and managing jointly in Rason Region between China and DPRK will create the favorable conditions to open access to the sea for Hunchun. The construction of Sino-DPRK Liuduo Island cross-border industrial park will provide complement supporting for the industries of Hunchun. China-ROK FTA agreement will bring a new opportunity for the regional international cooperation of Tumen River. The strategic partnership between China and Mongolia has been built, which has a cooperative potential in resource exploitation and the infrastructure construction. From the internal impetus, the Action plan on the China-proposed Belt and Road Initiative and the interconnection project with the neighboring countries made an important influence on regional international cooperation in Tumen River Area. The construction of Changchun-Jilin-Tumen pilot area and the trans-regional cooperation of window and hinterland will promote the development mutually. Moreover, Hunchun has its unique advantages of location, ecological environment, natural resource, policy and humanity, which are conducive to taking the lead in developing in Tumen River Region.The developing goal is very clear, which needs us to organize our developing thoughts and propose the feasible countermeasures. We can get rid of the system obstacles of developing by exploring the innovation of system and mechanism, increasing the construction of the infrastructure and channel, breaking the restraining factors of inconvenient channels, strengthening the industrial developing and the park construction in order to form the completed industrial support. Meanwhile, we should also enhance the communication and cooperation of trading, culture and tourism with our neighboring countries, and strengthen regional cooperation constantly.We do have reason to believe that Hunchun, which is in a period of historical opportunity, will take its advantages and take the lead in the developing, make an influence and lead the Tumen River Region to the rapid development of the state and the area. Hunchun will play an exemplary and leading role for the development and opening and international cooperation of the border area under the background of international regional cooperation and the support of all the Party Committees and Government. |
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