Analysis Of Peasant Income Structure Trend And Influence Factors In Heilongjiang Province

China is an agricultural country, which has been gradually reali zing the modernized development based on agriculture. Even though the pillar industries of the economy has gradually turned into the second and third industry, the problem of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" has always been the core problem of our country. Only if the core problem of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" has been solved, the transformation of the economy and the adjustment of structure in China can be realized. Peasant income, as one of the key factors affecting the development of agriculture, has been our research emphasis in the agricultural problem. Although Heilongjiang province is an important commodity grain base in China, the peasant income is significantly lower than the average peasant income in main grain producing areas. Th is problem restricts local economic development and arises attention from the society. Research on peasant income structure and its influencing factors in Heilongjiang province can make us a more comprehensive understanding of the present situation of this region. Based on this understanding, we can put forward some targeted suggestions and provide the reference of improving peasant income for Heilongjiang province and other main grain producing areas.Firstly, this study briefly describes the research background and reviews basic situation and methods of peasant income research from foreign and domestic perspective; Secondly, this study analyzes the present situation of peasant income structure in Heilongjiang province, moreover it finds out the inherent rule hidden in peasant income structure with Markov chain model and then predicts peasant income structure in the next five years; Furthermore, this study analyzes the influence factors of peasant income structure in Heilongjiang province from the perspectiv e of qualitative and quantitative; Finally, the paper summarizes the conclusions and puts forward effective suggestions for peasant income growth in Heilongjiang province.Through the study of peasant income structure in Heilongjiang province, the results shows that:(1) Although peasant income structure in Heilongjiang province is changing, the proportions of household business income and wages income proportion are high, and their combined proportion basically remains at 80% or even more.(2) Peasant non-agricultural income and agricultural income in Heilongjiang province basically shows a trend of "one is going up while one is falling down, and the proportion of them has gradually stabilized.(3) Peasant income structures between different regions in Heilongjiang province are different obviously. Peasant’s main source of income in Jixi is salary income, while peasant’s main source of income in most areas is household business income.(4) By predicting peasant income structure in Heilongjiang province through Markov chain, this study found that over the next five years, the growth rate of peasant net income, wages income, and property income in Heilongjiang province is low. The growth rate of household business income is generally high. The growth rate of transfer income is extremely low, a “negative growth” may occur in an extreme situation.(5) Based on the qualitative analysis of peasant income structure’s influence factors in Heilongjiang province, this study found that the main factors that influence peasant household business income are cultivated land, agricultural materials price and agricultural production price, fertilizer, rural financial services, natural environment. Main factors that influence peasant wages income are agricultural mechanization, labor force and peasant cultural qualities. Main factors that affect peasant property income and transfer income are agricultural subsidy policy, urban and rural dual system, rural social security system.(6) By analyzing the influence factors of peasant income structure in Heilongjiang province through multivariate linear regression model and multicollinearity test, this paper found that four factors that include cultivated land, agricultural subsidy policy, natural environment, agricultural mechanization affect peasant net income and household business income a lot. Main factor that influences peasant wages income and transfer income is agricultural subsidy policy. Main factors that affect peasant property income are agricultural subsidy policy, natural environment, peasant cultural quality, urban and rural dual system. Moreover, the level of multicollinearity between influence factors is low, thus analysis of peasant’ income structure and influencing factors through multiple linear regression model is of strong rationality.On the basis of the above conclusions, this study puts forward the following suggestion: First, protect arable land and change it into a high-productive field. Second, increase investment of water conservancy facilities and enhance their ability to withstand natural disasters. Third, improve the level of agricultural mechanization, guide surplus labor force into the second and third industry; Fourth, increase agricultural fiscal investment and puts forward corresponding policies; Fifth, develop township enterprises by combining with their own situation.