Layout And Adjustment Of Basic Farmland Based On The Evaluation Of Cultivated Land Quality In Beian City

Arable land, especially basic farmland is an important part of the overall national security strategy. With the acceleration of urbanization process in China, cultivated land resources is gradually reduced. The people large but the land small is a serious problem we have to faced.Basic farmland layout optimization is to implement the "cherish and rational use of land and effectively protecting farmland," the basic requirements of the basic national policy and national food security strategy. Therefore, scientific and rational use of every inch of land is the main way to solve the problem. In the process of agricultural production, Rational use and protection of arable farmland is the key to solve the food problem. By strengthening the construction of farmland quality, scientific and reasonable delineation of basic farmland protection areas, to improve farmland productivity, food security, promote agricultural modernization that of great significance.On the basis of research progress both at home and abroad about cultivated land quality evaluation and basic farmland protection, taking the Beian City in Heilongjiang Province as the study area. By selecting the three aspects of cultivated land natural conditions, farming production conditions and location, to build basic farmland evaluation system. Using the comprehensive index model and GIS combination of methods to evaluate the quality of cultivated land. Division of arable land quality grade, analysis of different quality grades of cultivated land and basic farmland consistent level of planning, the basis of combining the basic farmland layout constraints on the proposed layout of basic farmland adjustment and optimization and targeted recommendations. The main content and result are as follows:(1)Construction the evaluation system of selecting cultivated land into basic farmland. On the basic of defining relevant concepts, connotation and theoretical, selecting the effective thickness of soil, soil organic matter content, soil texture, slope, size of plots, irrigation and drainage conditions, field road accessibility, the administrative center of the distance, the main road and water away, the food production as the indicators to build the evaluation system.(2) Evaluation and Grading of basic farmland selected. Calculated the quality of cultivatedland value by using the method of combining comprehensive index model and GIS spatial analysis.The highest score was 89.75, and the lowest score was 61.83. Using natural classification feature of Arc GIS divided cultivated land into four grades. The area of selected levelⅠcultivated land was39330.25hm2, accounting for 11.46% of the total cultivated area, and mainly in the southeastern region Beian; The area of selected level II cultivated land was 208603.62hm2, accounting for60.79%, and mainly in the eastern region; The area of selected level III cultivated land was89302.27hm2, accounting for 26.03%, and mainly in northern and central region; The area of selected levelⅣcultivated land was 5896.3hm2, accounting for1.72%, mainly in northern region.(3)The analysis of planning basic farmland goodness of fit based on different quality grades of cultivated land. By analyzing the distribution of different quality grades of cultivated land,combined with land use planning of Beian(2006-2020), the selected basic goodness of fit showed that: Planning basic farmland accounted for 76.94% in gradeⅠarable land, accorded for 56.59% in grade II arable land, accorded for 47.38% in grade III arable land, accorded for 47.2% in gradeⅣarable land. It can be seen that Class I and Class II arable farmland relatively high degree of agreement, and Class III and Class IV of arable farmland agreement is relatively low. Because I and II level higher than the total area of arable land III and IV the total cultivated area, indicating that the city’s overall layout planning of basic farmland is more reasonable, but still part of the basic farmland layout unsatisfactory situation exists for the layout of the basic farmland should not desirable adjustment.(4) Researching the layout optimization of basic farmland based on the cultivated landquality assessment. In view of the cultivated land quality evaluation, to determine the diff erent quality level of cultivated land to be selected as basic farmland. On this basis, confi rming the layout of basic farmland of planning, transfer into, tune out, and then optimizin g the layout of basic farmland combining with research region ecological environment secu rity control area, key construction projects, new construction land, urban and rural construc tion land expansion range, etc.Through adjust the different types of basic farmland zoning district construction in Bei an City, which can effectively protect the basic farmland, protect the region overall grain production capacity, provide the basis for promoting agricultural-scale centralized constructi on and protection of basic farmland, provide the reference for demarcate the basic farmlan d and adjust and perfect overall plan for land utilization.