The Effect Of Social Capital On The Employment Of Vocational Choice At The Beginning Of The Migrant Workers

Since China’s reform and opening up, with the advancement of industrialization and the increase of the income gap between urban and rural areas, a large number of farmers migrate to the cities. According to the sampling results released by the National Bureau of Statistics, the total number of national peasant workers is 270 million in 2014, up 1.3% from a year earlier. Employment of migrant workers in the provincial capital city, the municipal city and county accounted for 34.2%,30.5% and 34.2%. The number of workers increase 6 million per year go to work in the city. Because there are more job opportunities, a higher level of income and the better living conditions and so on in city, farmers prefer to migrate from rural to urban areas. The most important decision is to choose the first place to work. The decision of working in a place is the better choice that migrant famers make combining social capital with human capital factors, and this choice varies according to their social relations.Based the social capital theory, the essay studies the differences that migrant workers make choices to work first, migrant workers have different social capital, through analyzing them, the differences that migrant workers make choices of the first working place, revealing that the social capital has some influence on their initial choices to find a job. First of all, the paper uses principal component methods to calculate the scores of the social capital network scale, the social capital network strength, and another indexes; and then the essay uses statistical methods to analyze the relationship between social capital and the first working place; finally the paper builds the Mlogit regression model to analyze the social capital influence on migrant workers’initial selections to work in the place.Through the empirical analysis, the article finds that the scale of social capital network has negative effects on the choices that the migrant workers make to work first in this place:the social capital network scale increased by 1% will increase about 50% on the probability of migrant workers work nearby; the top of the social capital network has positive effects on the choices which the migrant workers make to have a job first in this place:the top of the network social capital increased by 1% will reduce 40% on the probability of the probability of migrant workers chose to work nearby; the strength of social capital network has negative influences on the choices that the migrant workers make to work first in this place: the strength of social capital network increased by 1% will increase about 50% on the probability of migrant workers select to work nearby.Through empirical analysis, this paper finds there is a selection effect on the social capital during the process of migrant workers selecting to work nearby. The social capital has a significant effect on the migrant workers’choices of first place to work. The higher the social capital stock of migrant workers is, the more migrant workers find the job; while the lower the social capital stock is, the farther the migrant workers work from home. The wider the social capital network scale is, the nearer migrant workers work from their home; the higher the top of the social capital network is, the farther migrant workers work away from home; the stronger the strength of social capital network is, the nearer migrant workers work from their home.