A Comparative Study On Management And Protection Mode Of Collective Forest In Nature Reserve

Establishment of nature reserves not only help protect the diversity of biological species and the ecological security of the country, but also play a prominent role in promoting sustainable development of society and economy, improving people’s living standards and other aspects. Collective forest is one of the most frequent forest resources contacting with the farmers, and it is also the key component of forest resources in nature reserve, which plays a protective screen role in protecting the state-owned forest. However, the specificity of collective forest in nature reserves is the main performance on the service for farmers of their livelihood industry and the public goods nature, implementing management and protection to collective forest will involve multi-interests, including protected area administration, protection station, community groups and farmers. Therefore, this paper takes the management and protection mode of collective forest in nature reserve for the study, based on the survey data, using analysis of variance to make a comparative study of the current management and protection mode from the two aspects of invested costs and the effect of management and protection, in order to provide a decision-making reference for stakeholders about building collective forest management and protection patterns, and provide practical guidance for further improving the living standards of farmers, promoting community development and further improving the construction of nature reserves. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:First, from the analysis of cost management, the input costs of collective management group are much higher than individual management group. The input costs of management mode of different village under the collective forest ownership as follows: Li Ziba>Guan Kou>Yang Gashan>Tun Zhai. The cost is proportional to the forest area and the number of forest rangers.Second, from the analysis of protection effect, individual management group is better than the collective management group. Indicators for reflecting management effect show: Forest dependence, Household energy structure coefficient and Engel coefficient of individual management group are lower than collective management group. The effect of different village management modes show: Tun Zhai> Li Ziba>Guan Kou>Yang Gashan.Third, from the point of view of history of management and protection, collective protection mode is remarkable in the reduction of forest dependence, cutting back the proportion of firewood for optimizing the family consumption structure of energy effect.Fourth, the effectiveness of collective forest management and protection mode depends on the clear boundary, strict supervision, collective rights and external safeguard. And the clear boundary and users, strict supervision and external safeguard are the more important factors to ensure the effectiveness of collective forest management.Based on the above conclusions, the article builds new management and protection mode of collective forest under market economy conditions, which mainly has four participators——State, National reserve, Enterprise and Farmer, through policy support, clear property rights, industry support and farmers’ participation, in order to achieve the "win-win" goals about collective forest management and protection, protection area construction, meeting the farmers’ livelihood needs and promoting community development.