Research On The Layout Optimization Of Rural Settlements In Qapqal Xibe Autonomous County Based On GIS

Due to the restriction of natural conditions and a serious lack of unified planning and control, resulting the construction of rural settlements in our country mostly presents the problems of the spatial distribution and the lack of ability of gathering.Under the impetus of the rapid development of economy, China has entered a new phase of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, in order to further accelerate the pace of urbanization, implement the construction goals of urban and rural integration, there is an urgent need to strengthen the construction and development of rural settlements. At present, in the critical period of building a well-off society in an all-round way, it is of great significance to develop scientific and reasonable implementation plan of rural settlements and to realize the construction of new socialist countryside.This paper selects Qapqal Xibe Autonomous County in Yili area(referred to as "the county police") as the study area, under the support of GIS spatial analysis and statistical tools, comprehensive utilization of the average nearest neighbor index,kernel density estimation, frequency histogram and landscape pattern index and so on,respectively from the rural residential land use spatial distribution, scale differentiation morphological characteristics and related factors of the relevance of the four aspects, in-depth analysis of the rural residents of the county police point distribution and reveal the existing problems, from the micro and macro perspectives to solve these problems with each factor influence difference respectively, selecting different internal and external influence factors, establishing the status evaluation system and development resistance evaluation system of rural residents,comprehensive evaluation method for two kinds of results using qualitative and quantitative, division of rural residential optimization types in the county police, and then combined with the weighted Voronoi map and the actual situation of the county police, worked out the preliminary layout optimization of rural settlements in the county police.Related research and conclusions:(1) Analysis on the land distribution characteristics of the rural residential in the county police. The results show a whole distribution of spatial distribution of rural residential land in the county, a large number of rural residents overall, but the scale of land use was significantly different, small scale land accounted for relatively large,the distribution density on the overall performance for the north than the south.According to the analysis of landscape index, the research shows that the distribution of rural settlements in the county police was very uneven, and the shape and size of rural residents were great disparity.(2) The analysis of the rural settlements influencing factors in the county police.The results showed that the distribution of rural settlements had a highly correlated to the topography, rivers, highways and other factors. The general performance of the rural settlements is concentrated in the northern part of the elevation below 710 m and the slope is less than 6 degrees. In the range of the river and the highway, the distribution area of the rural settlements is decreasing with the increase of the distances.(3) The comprehensive analysis of the current situation of the rural settlements evaluation system and the development of resistance evaluation system. The results showed that the obtained rural residential internal potential level and development environment suitable for level of overall distribution is consistent, the overall performance for the north than south, the reason is in the county police the northern region smaller relief, water and fertilizer conditions superior, coupled with the rural settlements is more intensive, and is close to the city center, higher economic level, a significant location advantage, resulting in its higher status evaluation score, lower development environment resistance, which is good for the future expansion of rural settlements.(4) The comprehensive analysis of the evaluation results of the development potential of the rural residential areas, combined with the actual situation of the county police, dividing the rural settlements into four kinds of urbanization class、development extended class、proposed reservation class and migration merge class,and confirm all kinds of rural settlements in the optimized scope and direction through the weighted Voronoi diagram, qualitative and quantitative points analysis method, make rural residential layout optimization scheme eventually.