Study On The Morphological Classification And DNA Barcoding Of Gnaphosidae From The Areas Around Beijing And Tianjin,China

Gnaphosidae is the sixth largest spider group in the Araneae, which is known about 123 genera and 2167 species all over the world while is known about 32 genera and 193 species in China. Gnaphosids live mainly in the leaf litter, stones and the trunk or wall crack, More of the species hide in the daytime and active during the night. The dissertation mainly researched the ground spiders(Gnaphosidae) in the areas around Beijing and Tianjin, with morphological classification and DNA Barcoding.This dissertation researched the ground spiders in the areas around Beijing and Tianjin with morphological classification, including: specimen collection, identification and preservation, description of the genera and species characteristics, the identification key of families and genera, list of Gnaphosidae, geographic distribution and photos, photography, measurement, illustrations and description of new taxa. This study involved in 17 genera and 63 species Gnaphosidae in the areas around Beijing and Tianjin, including 1 male new discovery: Zelotes zhaoi Platnick et Song, 1986, 1 new records in Inner Mongolia: Drassyllus pusillus(C.L.Koch, 1833).The molecular systematics part selects Gnaphosidae 29 species representing in the areas around Beijing and Tianjin including, extraction, amplication, sequencing 206 COI(mitochondrial cytochrome coxidase subunit I, COI) sequenes, and establishing Bayes phylogenetic tree. We analyzed and assessed phylogenetic signal, the base composition,the pattern of base composition, the substitution form, interspecies genetic distances, saturation analysis of DNA sequence, by ClustalX 1.8, MEGA 6.0, DnaSP5.10. Phylogenetic tree ahout Gnaphosidae were reconstructed by Neighbour-joining(NJ) and as an assistant tool, the database can verify the results of taxonomy, we also researched and discussed the existing questions in morphological classification.