Based On RS And GIS The Erguna Wetlands Ecological Vulnerability Assessment

Wetland is a diverse and unique complex ecosystem, providing a large amount of basic resource for human production and life. Its ecological functions, such as drought-resistant storage, pollution degradation and climate regulation, provide important environmental capital for human development and progress as well. However, due to human economic development initiatives and the lack of scientific development and careful and detailed planning of wetland demonstration, thus material circulation and energy flow of wetland ecosystem have been affected in varying degree, which led to the overall wetlands quality damage and vulnerability increase. Therefore, this paper selected Ergun Wetland in Hulunbeier of Inner Mongolia as the study area, and carried on the corresponding wetland ecological fragility evaluation research.In this paper, ecological vulnerability assessment of Ergun Wetland is taken as the research content, remote sensing imagery of Landsat 7 ETM (resolution 30 m) in September 2015 is collected as data source, combines the land use classification data of the same year with the study area in 2013 elevation data and other statistical data, apply RS and GIS technology to make the processing basis of the required data, extract the vegetation factor NDVI in the study area, topography factor slope, direction and so on, and construct the evaluation index system. Through discussing and researching the theory and method of wetland ecological vulnerability assessment, the weight calculation and the index quantification are realized by AHP.The EVI vulnerability evaluation index is introduced for the evaluation of ecological vulnerability. Based on the data of land classification in research area, the ecological vulnerability of Ergun wetland is synthetically evaluated. Finally the fragility of the area is divided into 5 grades according to the EVI index scores from high to low. Through the analysis and discussion of the evaluation results, the following conclusions are drawn:The results show that it is simple and accurate to use AHP method to determine the weight of factor. The calculation process of EVI vulnerability index is relatively simple and easv. According to the evaluation graph about ecological fragility of Ergun Wetland, it is found that the ecology of the wetland is fragile and the coordination between man and land is the guiding principle to protect the wetland.