The Dynamic Change Of Ecological Environment In Nature Reserves Under The Human Disturbance

The establishment of nature reserves is the most effective way to protect biodiversity. Analysis of ecological environment change and evaluating effectiveness of protect management have an important and profound impact on improving the effectiveness of the protection of biodiversity. This paper chooses Xiongjiang Huangchulin National Nature Reserve as the research example, applies eCognition Developer software and GIS?RS modern technology to extract human disturbance activities, and builds model of human disturbance in the reserve. The goal is to analyze the characteristics on changes of ecological environment and changes of human disturbance, evaluate the effectiveness of protect management, and then put forward the related countermeasure. The results showed that:(1) The stabilty of ecosystems in the reserve, which is showed by Net Primary Productivity and leaf area index as well as biomass, has improved. The disturbance of human activities is gradually decline, and affects slightly. The ecosystems which consist of the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, rare wild animals and their habitats in the reserve have been effectively protected during the 10 years. (2) But there are still some shortcomings.For example, the area proportion of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in the reserve is not high and grow slowly during ten years, the structure of forest ecological system needs further improvement; The quality of ecosystem in the reserve is still low, far below the quality of top community zonal evergreen broad-leaved forest, there is a large space to improved ecosystem quality. Besides, the disturbance of human activities in the reserve is still obvious, the contradiction between protection and utilization in the reserve is still prominent. (3) In order to accelerate the construction and development of the reserve and improve the effectiveness of the protection in the reserve, there are some suggestions: ? Mainly focusing on ecological conservation and gradually restore and expand the ratio of evergreen broad-leaved forest, so as to optimize the structure of forest ecosystem and improve the quality of forest ecosystem; ? Solving the contradiction between ecological protection and economic development of the communities, as well as improving the community residents' awareness of the forest protection to establish community co-management, which may achieve the coordinated development between the reserve ecological reservation and the community economic development.