The Separation And Purification Of Areca Alkaloids And Optimization Design Of Its Heat Treatment Process Parameters

Areca catechu is the dried ripe seeds of palm branch plants, Areca has many effects and it's one of Chinese four major south medicines, which contains alkaloids with anthelmintic, promote digestion, restart atherosclerosis, enhance memory and other physiological effects. At present, there are many studies on the areca alkaloids, the extraction of areca alkaloids mostly have too factors and too complex; the separation and purification methods of areca alkaloids usually is hydrobromide crystallization, but no systematic research of effect on the each step of crystallization; the effct of thermal processing of areca alkaloids mostly for areca shell, but thermal processing act on the whole areca.The paper used the multistage cross flow extraction to extract areca alkaloids, which is simplified the experimental factors and improved the extraction efficiency; the separation and purification of alkaloids in areca processing waste material areca core was studied, identified and quantified; the heat treatment process parameters were optimized and it's based on the mass transfer characteristic of alkaloids in areca shell. The main results are as follows:Firstly, the extraction process of areca alkaloids was optimized with the extraction rate as the index. Using different solvent system to extract the alkaloids in areca shell, determined the best extraction solvent; using the multistage cross flow extraction, directly calculated solid to liquid ratio and extraction times by the derived theoretical formula, then the orthogonal experiment was carried out with extraction time, extraction temperature and pH value, and the best extraction process of alkaloids in areca shell was studied by variance analysis. The optimum extraction conditions were:water as extraction agent, solid to liquid ratio is 1 : 20 (m:V), extraction temperature 60 ?, extraction time 100 min, and solvent pH value = 2, extracting for 2 times, under the condition the alkaloids extraction rate were 7.2417 mg/g.Secondly, the areca alkaloids was isolated and purified by the hydrobromide crystallization method, the various step in the method was analyzed specific to determined the best crystallization process, the obtained arecoline hydrobromide crystallization was identified and quantified by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS. the results showed that:the system of crystallization process for ammonia to adjust the pH value to 9, chloroform dosage to extract: chloroform(V:V)=1 : 2.5, chloroform extraction mode selection c:1 : 1;1: 1; 1 : 0.5, hydrobromide to adjust the pH value to 1?2, crystallization temperature -5?-10?, the sample of arecoline hydrobromide purity is about 92%.Finally, the optimization of heat treatment process parameters was studied with areca shell alkaloids content as the index. Choosing three main processing:boiling, drying after boiled, drying after absorbed sweetener acted on the whole areca, and the optimum process of three processing was discussed that based on the mass transfer characteristic of alkaloids in areca shell. The results showed that the boiling temperature is 80?, boiling time is 50min, boiling for 2 times. Under these conditions, obtained the areca alkaloids content 6.99mg/g; the drying temperature is 80?, drying 50min; drying method after absorbed sweetener for variable temperature drying:70? to 80?,30min to 20min. Under this method, areca drying better, the loss rate was lowest, it's about 9%.