The Research Of Space-time Dynamic On The Ecological Carrying Capacity In Chongqing Based On The Improved Method Of Ecological Footprint

Since C hinese reform and opening up,especially after the territory directly under the central government,the population of Chongqing has risen sharply,and industrialization and urbanization have been advancing rapidly.At the same time as the economy is booming,there are environmental problems such as excessive consumption of resources and deterioration of ecological environment in Chongqing,which makes the ecological security of the region a great threat.C hongqing is located in the southwest of C hina.It belongs to the typical ecological environment and mountain environment of the Three Gorges Reservoir area,and the ecological environment is very fragile.Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of C hina,the concept of building a socialist ecological civilization and building a "beautiful C hina" requires increasing the protection of the natural ecological environment system and protecting the ecological system security.General secretary Xi Jinping put forward the strategy of "The Belt and Road",the concept of ecological civilization is the theoretical basis of the implementation of "The Belt and Road" construction,ecological security is the fundamental starting to implement the "The Belt and Road" constr uction,and ecological carrying capacity is an important aspect of ecological security.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to study Chongqing,which has prominent ecological environment problems.This paper,taking C hongqing as the research object,taking the ecological security problems as purpose,used the improved "city hectare" ecological footprint model to calculate the equilibrium factor and yield factor that accord with the actual "city hectare" standard of C hongqing.Then,this paper calculated the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of Chongqing city for 2000-2015 years based on county unit and grid unit respectively,and evaluated the spatial distribution and pattern evolution of ecological carrying capacity in Chongq ing by means of ecological deficit / surplus analysis.The following conclusions are obtained in this paper:(1)The equilibrium factor of "city hectare" standard in Chongqing and the respective yield factors of 38 counties in 2000-2015 years that were calculated by the spatial data of land use and NPP data,are more in line with the actual situation in Chongqing.What's more,it is more conducive to the comparison of ecological footprint,ecological carrying capacity and ecological deficit / surplus in the districts and counties of Chongqing.(2)The ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of Chongqing city,which is based on the unit area county,in 2000-2015 years were calculated based on the two factors of "city hectare" standard equilibrium factor and yield factor.This paper evaluated the ecological carrying capacity of Chongqing through ecological deficit / surplus,and analyzed the ecological footprint,ecological carrying capacity and spatial distribution and pattern evolution of ecological deficit / surplus in 38 counties of Chongqing in different years.Results showed that the per capita ecological footprint in 2000-2015 in chongqing is on the rise;The per capita ecological carrying capacity showed a trend of rising first and then decreasing,and declined slightly in general.The ecological carrying capacity changed greatly.The ecological system was in the state of ecological surplus in 2000,but,the ecological system was in the state of ecological deficit after 2005.During the 15 years,the counties and districts with ecological surplus decreased from 18 counties to 9,while the counties and districts with ecological deficits increased from 20 to 29;The ecological spatial pattern has been showed that the overall ecological deficit in the west,while the eastern ecological surplus,the region of ecological deficit increases eastward,while the ecological surplus region shrinks eastward.(3)The spatial distribution of the ecological footprint,ecological carrying capacity and ecological deficit / surplus in C hongqing,which is based on the grid unit,in the past 2000-2015 years are calculated and the spatial pattern evolution is analyzed.Results showed that the every per square kilometer of ecological footprint showed an obvious upward trend in C hongqing from 2000 to 2015.The ecological carrying capacity remained stable in general.Most of the region's ecological carrying capacity in 80-120hm2.Numerical ecological carrying along the Yangtze River and the main city area in which force than in other regions,and the ecological mountain than plain area bearing capacity.This is related to land use types in different areas.The spatial difference of ecological deficit / surplus is obvious.O n the whole,the west is ecological deficit,while the eastern part is ecological surplus.Moreover,the scope of ecological deficit continues to expand to the East,while the scope of ecological surplus continues to shrink eastward.The ecological carrying capacity and ecological deficit / surplus calculation results,which is based on grid,can be more intuitive and detailed reflect ecological capacity and ecological deficit / surplus space distribution and evolution pattern in Chongqing from 2000 to 2015.The results of the above two methods show that: while urbanization and industrialization drive the rapid economic development in C hongqing from 2000 to 2015,the pressure on the ecosystem is increasing.The ecological carrying capacity of Chongqing changed from ecological surplus to ecological defic it,and the ecological carrying capacity decreased.Therefore,the future development of Chongqing should pay attention to the ecological environment protection and take the road of sustainable development.