Research On The Impact Of Carbon Tax Policy On China's Economic Structure And Carbon Emission Reduction Based On CGE Model

Over the past four decades since the reform and opening up,China's economy has achieved rapid development for decades.However,the high energy consumption and high pollution of the economic development model makes air pollution,ecological damage and other environmental problems also followed,and threat the national economy?s sustainable development,and people's living standards? sustainable improvement.Therefore,to achieve the sustainable development of China's economy,we must take the sustainable "low-carbon road",the Government should be combined with the actual situation,implement environmental and economic policies of politically feasible,economically effective to achieve energy saving.This is vital to interests of the broad masses of the people,related to the long-term development of the Chinese nation.In the choice of appropriate economic policy,the construction of carbon tax mechanism has been affirmed by more academic researchers.Carbon tax policy on China's energy structure adjustment,product upgrading and upgrading and to promote energy-saving emission reduction,low-carbon energy industry have an important impact on the development.At present,China's carbon tax levy is still in the experimental and research stage,so a detailed analysis of carbon tax on China's national economy,industrial structure,factor distribution and other aspects of the important practical significance.Based on the input-output theory,SAM theory and Walrasian general equilibrium theory,this paper establishes the CGE model of carbon tax policy on China's economy,simulates the impact of China's carbon tax policy on China's macroeconomic system,Carbon tax policy on energy consumption,energy prices,macroeconomic variables,industry economic structure,factor flow and other variables.This paper has compiled the "China Macro Social Accounting Matrix" and "China Social Accounting Matrix Decomposition Table" as the data base.The labor force,capital and energy are used as the factor inputs,and the production module,the trade module,the resident enterprise government module,the environmental module,Tax module and balance module of the Chinese CGE model,combined with the academic research results,identified four different carbon tax rates: 20 yuan / ton,40 yuan / ton,50 yuan / ton,80 yuan / ton,explore the different The different effects of carbon tax rates on various economic variables.Research shows that: First,the carbon tax levy can promote the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions,but also increase the coal,oil,natural gas fossil energy price of these three fossils.Due to the higher carbon emission coefficient,the ad valorem rate of coal is the largest.Second,the increase in carbon tax collection will bring coal,oil,natural gas and thermal power consumption gradually decreased.Which the largest decline in coal energy consumption,while the decline in thermal power consumption smaller.Low-carbon energy is limited by technology and R & D costs,although its consumption has increased but the increase is very small.Carbon tax levy will affect social macroeconomic variables,reduce real GDP,total corporate income,total investment and household consumption.With the increase in the carbon tax rate,the decline in these variables will gradually increase.But the government revenue and household income has been improved,and government revenue increased more than the income of residents.In addition,the carbon tax levy reduced the total output of the energy sector and energy-intensive sectors,increased production costs,and fossil energy industry output fell more,with the largest decline in the output of the coal industry.For the non-energy sector,the introduction of carbon taxes stimulated some low-carbon industry output rose.Finally,the introduction of carbon tax to China's fossil energy sector needs and consumption reduction,to stimulate the development of low-power industries.Based on the above research,this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions from the angle of determining the reasonable carbon tax rate,supporting the development of low-carbon energy and optimizing the industrial structure,and comprehensively promoting and exerting the linkage effect so as to better realize the sustainable development of China's economy.