A Study On The Energy And Environment Efficiency And Rebound Effect Of Transportation Industry In China

The transportation sector,particularly the road and the railway sectors,is an important source of CO2 emissions in China.To achieve the goals of energy saving and emission reduction in transport,improving energy efficiency has been considered as one of the most important means of energy saving and emission reduction.However,the result may be affected by the rebound effect.This study combines the non-radial data envelopment analysis(DEA)model with window analysis to measure the energy-environment efficiency of the road and railway sectors which are the main energy consumption source of transport industy in China,then uses the Tobit regression model to analyze the factors affecting the energy-environment efficiency.The findings suggest that,first of all,although these two sectors are both with high energy-environment efficiency,there is a higher probability for railway sector to improve its energy-environment efficiency than that of road sector,with the average energy-environment efficiency 0.9307 and 0.9815,respectively.Second,the road sector in eastern China with the highest average energy-environment efficiency,lower in the western region,and lowest in the central region.As for the railway sector,the western region has the highest average energy-environment efficiency,followed by the central and the eastern regions.Third,the relationship between energy-environment efficiency and income level in the road and railway sectors follow the U-shaped and inverted U-shaped curves,respectively.In addition,this paper studies the CO2 rebound effect for China's transport industy in case of the private cars.We utilizes a two-stage Almost Ideal Demand System(AIDS)model to estimate the total CO2 rebound effect for China's private cars during 2001-2012 at the provincial level,then uses a panel data model to analyze its impact factors.The results suggest that,first of all,the CO2 emissions of private cars have the super conservation effect,partial rebound effect and backfire effect among provinces in China.And the direct CO2 rebound effect plays a dominant role in the total CO2 rebound effect in most provinces.Second,the total CO2 rebound effect of private cars among China's provinces presents an overall convergence trend over time.Finally,the household expenditure and the population density have a negative and positive influence on the total CO2 rebound effect for China's private cars,respectively.