Study On Design Methods For Comprehensive Disaster And Fire Prevention Of Chemical Buildings

Chemical buildings involve a variety of combustible and explosive poisonous materials. In addition, the site of chemical buildings is broad with a large population. Therefore, all these will result in fire and explosive accidents. The characteristics of the chemical buildings greatly decide that the fire accidents boast the following features: first, it is really difficult to control combustion; second, they contain a quantity of poisonous gases, which do harm to human beings; finally, it is relatively more uneasy to evacuate personnel. Therefore, for the design of disaster and fire prevention, the design of fire prevention framework counts a lot.Fire prevention design of buildings refers to the engineering action that certain methods and steps are taken in line with the existing prevention requirements to identify the fire prevention measures of buildings. The existing building fire prevention design in China is the summary of experience, which can be applied in the majority of common buildings. However, it has some limitations. As chemical buildings have special fire safety requirements, the necessity to seek more reasonable and scientific design principles accustomed to the realistic development has become a research topic of practical significance.This paper makes full analysis and conclusion of the existing design methods of safe evacuation and fire prevention construction for chemical buildings and then the analytical study is carried out with the performance-based design. In this way, we can realize that performance-based design has compensated for some disadvantages of the existing building fire prevention design applied in the chemical buildings.For fire prevention framework and evacuation design of chemical buildings, the best way is to combine the advantages of the two aspects, namely, prevention and firefighting and satisfy the actual regulation requirements in China based on the reality. For the safety of firefighting, a new performance-based thinking can be applied. In the large chemical buildings, various fire accidents frequently broke out, which have represented a lot of problems. Therefore, we have to adopt reasonable and effectively-designed measures, with the theme of self-prevention and rescue, to make chemical building facilities characterized by safety, applicability, advancement and economy as much as possible.