The Status Change Of Culture And Education In Nanyang Prefecture During The Ming And Qing Dynasties

In the sequence establishment of urban space, all of the administration buildings, schools, temples and dwellings are the major elements in the construction of urban landscape system. Among these elements, the buildings related to the culture and education called Educational building. Confucianism and the theory of geomantic omen have had a big development during Ming and Qing Dynasties. This period of urban construction had been penetrated with Confucianism and geomantic. The rulers establish their own culture legitimacy by disseminating Confucianism during this period. As the centralism reached its peak in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the culture and education got the high attention of people at that time, and the imperial examination had became the main value orientation. In this social context, more and more ordinary people have choosed to participate in the imperial examinations to obtain fame. The imperial examination has been rewarded and respected by civil people, and this situation resulted in the climax of studying, it also maked the buildings which related to the imperial enlightenment and education had been developed rapidly in the city construction. The Educational buildings’ position had been structured much more higher in the city landscape sequence, even beyond the position of administration buildings which were revealed the regime directly, and obtained the dominant position in the urban landscape. This special phenomenon we call “The Status change of Culture and Education” in the urban landscape. Previously, there have been scholars studies showed that, in the Ming and Qing dynasties Ganzhou area had been found the phenomenon of “The Status change of Culture and Education” in urban landscape construction.This article based on the research of city construction in Nanyang prefecture in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and thinking combined the economic and cultural background in this period, and studying combined with the historical documents, trying to discover the real situation of urban construction at the time, thus analyzing the development of educational buildings in urban construction and urban landscape in Nanyang prefecture systematically. In the study we have find that, the size and content of the Confucianism have been improved, and the rules of cultural and educational facilities have been completed, the buildings such as Wenfeng Pagoda, Wenchang Pavilion, Kuixing Tower, which related to the imperial examinations and enlightenment, have been paid abundant attention. All of the above phenomenon provide the basis of “The Status change of Culture and Education” had happened in the city landscape in Nanyang prefecture during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It also shows “The Status change of Culture and Education” is not the unique phenomenon of Ganzhou area during the Ming and Qing dynasties.