Research Of High-power Cyclotron Wave Rectifier In X Band

The movement of electrons in a constant-guided magnetic and an alternating electromagnetic field,which is called cyclotron resonance,is a very significant phenomenon.This phenomenon exists widely in nature and is widely used by people.Until today,people are constantly working hard to innovate and research new electronic devices based on cyclotron resonance.Among these electronic devices,the most wellknown is the gyrotron.In fact,there are some electronic devices slightly different from the gyrotron in working mechanisms,but also based on the cyclotron resonance.Those devices are also worthy of our attention and research,including cyclotron-wave rectifier.The cyclotron-wave rectifier is a special electric vacuum device,which relies on the horizontal modulation of electrons to work.Therefore it has a high interaction efficiency.The whole cyclotron-wave rectifier contains five parts: electron gun,high frequency resonator,energy conversion area,collector and load circuit.It can converse the microwave energy into DC power efficiently.The cyclotron-wave rectifier is a key technical aspects in the microwave wireless transmission technology.Russia,the United States and Japan have carried out in-depth theoretical and experimental research on the cyclotron-wave rectifier very early and a variety of products came out.The domestic research on the cyclotron-wave rectifier started late,and are mainly concentrated in the S-band and C-band.The study of high-power cyclotron-wave rectifier working in the X-band is the first time.In this paper,a combination of single-electron motion analysis,equivalent circuit method and CST simulation is proposed to design the high-frequency resonator and the matched energy-coupled input device.The match between electron and the resonator is also optimized to ensure a high interaction efficiency.For the energy conversion area,the basic form of the magnetic field satisfying the requirement is obtained by analyzing the law of electronic motion.And the suitable structure and magnetic field are designed by Matlab numerical calculation and particle simulation.Finally,through the combination of theoretical analysis and particle simulation,a reasonable structure of step-down collector and voltage on each stage are designed to guarantee the final collect efficiency.Eventually,a 9.2GHz rectifier was designed successfully.The efficiency of the high frequency interaction area is 96%,the efficiency of the energy conversion area is 92%,the collection efficiency is 91%,and the overall efficiency is 80.3%.In addition,based on the consideration of the power capacity,we analyze the design of the higher power cyclotron rectifier.Finally,a high frequency resonator with overmodulation is designed and appropriate working mode is chosen.The eventual efficiency of the resonant is optimized to 96%,which verify the possibility of designing higher power cyclotron rectifier.