Research Of Charging/Discharging Orderly For Electric Vehicles Based On Time-of-Use Electric Price And V2G Under The Distribution Network

The electric vehicle is an important direction of the future development of transportation.The world is stepping up its efforts to study the issues of electric vehicle related.Because of the uncertainty of the time and space of the electric vehicle,the access of the electric vehicle will bring challenges to the planning and operation of the distribution network.So it is an urgent task to study the rationality of electric vehicle load forecasting,the orderly guide of electric vehicle charging,and the interaction between electric vehicle load and other load in the system.In the aspect of electric vehicles' prediction,we mainly make us of the statistical method.Using the Monte Carlo method and simulation analysis which is based on the business situation of the gas station in the reality,this paper builds models for the behavior of electric vehicles,the conventional charging model and the fast charging model.In order to guide the electric vehicle,this paper puts forward two methods:the dynamic electricity price and the valley price.By the demand elasticity coefficient and the setting of different valley price periods,this paper studies the effects of those guidance methods on the orderly charging and discharging of the electric vehicle.In the aspect of the interaction between electric vehicles and other load in the grid,this paper designs a kind of V2G mechanism and studies how this mechanism guides the electric vehicles to charge and discharge orderly and how to optimize the daily load curve.In the aspect of the simulation,this paper studies how the dynamic price,the valley price,the V2G mechanism and their combinations act on both macro and micro side in the power grid.On the one hand,we mainly talk about the impact that the number of electric vehicles which get access to power grid has on the daily load curve.We also study how the mechanisms such as the dynamic price,the valley price,the V2G and so on.On the other hand,we build a distribution network model which has 118 nodes and the nodes are classified by their functions.The simulation of regional distribution network in electric vehicle is under real conditions.The model considers the limitations of the voltage,the power flow,the acceptance of electric vehicles and so on after electric vehicles access to the regional distribution network model.Under these limitations we study how the mechanisms we propose work in the model and their advantages and disadvantages.In the meantime,this paper uses NSGA-? which is a kind of tool of multi objective optimization to simulate the effect of electric vehicles connecting to the network model.The simulation results can offer references for decision makers to chose the reasonable mechanism,determine the rational quantity of electric vehicles connecting to the grid,formulate development plans and so on.The innovations of this paper are as follows.Firstly,this paper comes to an overall study of the mechanism in respect of he dynamic price,the valley price and the V2G.Secondly,this paper studies both the macro and micro power grid which isconnected by electric vehicles and the limitations of the voltage,the power flow,the acceptance of electric vehicles are under consideration.Thirdly,this paper uses NSGA-II which is a kind of tool of multi objective optimization to simulate the effect of electric vehicles connecting to the network model.The simulation results can offer references for decision makers to chose the reasonable mechanism to deal with the electric vehicles connecting to the power grid,determine the rational quantity of electric vehicles connecting to the power grid,formulate development plans and so on.