Assessment Of Water Resource Sustainable Utilization Based On Water Footprint Theory In Chongqing

Chongqing is a typical ecological barrier zone and significant water function reaches in the mountainous area of Southwest China.It is a key to be solved urgently that how to improve the efficiency of water resources sustainable utilization and coordinate the spatial arrangement of production,life and ecological civilization construction.This paper makes the calculation of regional water footprint from five aspects of agriculture,industry,domesticity,ecological water footprint and virtual water trade.Based on the calculation results of water footprint,the index system is constructed to evaluate the sustainable utilization of water resources in 38 districts and counties of Chongqing in 2014.The spatial distribution of water footprint and water resources sustainable utilization are analyzed by applying the exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA)model.After that,the indicators and subsystems of water resources are calculated and classified by using the obstacle indicators diagnosis method.Through the research on the sustainable utilization of water resources,we hope to realize the water resources management at different key points in different districts and counties.The main conclusions that this paper can get are as follows.(1)The spatial distribution among different water footprint accounts is a state of diversity in 38 districts and counties of Chongqing in 2014.Among the five accounts,the largest agricultural water footprint and the largest industrial water footprint are at Jiangjin district.The domestic water footprint and the ecological water footprint are decreasing gradually around at the center of the core and development area of metropolitan function(the metropolitan area).The virtual water net import of the metropolitan area is the largest.The largest value of the regional water footprint is at Jiangjin district,which is 16.48×108m3.The least value of water footprint intensity is at Yuzhong district,which means Yuzhong has a state of high utilization efficiency of water resources.The largest average value of the regional water footprint is at urbandevelopment new area.(2)The regional water footprint and different water footprint accounts in Chongqing have a positive spatial correlation characteristics in 2014.The regions with H-H(high-high)of the agricultural water footprint are distributed in the westward of urban development new area and the development area of ecological conservation in Chongqing northeast(the northeast area of Chongqing).The regions with H-H of the industrial,domestic,ecological water footprint,virtual water net import and the regional water footprint are distributed in the metropolitan area and its surroundings.The regions with L-L(low-low)are distributed in the northeast area of Chongqing and the development area of ecological protection in southeast of Chongqing(the southeast area of Chongqing).(3)Driving force subsystem of the water resources sustainable utilization in Chongqing are gradually worsening from the metropolitan area to the northeast and southeast area of Chongqing.The regions which are better and best press and state subsystems are mainly distributed in the northeast and southeast area of Chongqing.The regions of impact subsystem with better and best level are mainly distributed in the metropolitan area and the northeast area of Chongqing.The regions quantity of worse and worst response subsystem account for 68.42% of the total quantity.The state of water resources sustainable utilization in Chongqing is in general.The regions with best state are distributed in the northeast area of Chongqing.The regions with worst state are distributed in the metropolitan area.(4)Driving force,press,state and impact subsystems have a positive spatial correlation characteristics.Compared with other subsystems,the positive spatial correlation characteristics of response subsystem is relatively weak.The water resources sustainable utilization have a positive and negative spatial correlation characteristics.The regions with H-H of driving force subsystem are totally distributed in the metropolitan area and its surroundings and the regions with L-L are mainly distributed in the northeast and southeast area of Chongqing.The regions with H-H of press,state and impact subsystem are distributed in the northeast area of Chongqing and the regions with L-L are distributed in the metropolitan area.The regions with H-H of response subsystem are distributed in the westward of urban development new area.The regions with H-H of the water resources sustainable utilization are distributed in the northeast area of Chongqing and the regions with L-L are distributed in the southwest of urban development new area.(5)The obstacle indicator value and sort situation of the water resources sustainable utilization are different in 38 districts and counties of Chongqing in 2014.The obstacle indicator value of urbanization and water resources contribution rate is the maximum at many districts and counties.The obstacle value of driving force subsystem is the maximum at many districts and counties,which seriously affects the water resources sustainable utilization of many districts and counties.