Research On Operation Plan Of Modern Tram

In recent years,due to the acceleration of the urbanization process,the traffic congestion problems don't only appear in large cities,but also become serious in small and medium-sized cities.In order to ease the traffic jam,urban rail transit such as metro and light rail has been developed in a large extent.As a transport mode with remarkable carrying capacity,metro and light rail are characterized as high cost and suitable to large cities with high population density and movement frequency.While,in order to avoid waste,it is more reasonable to construct urban rail transit with lower carrying capacity for the small and medium-sized cities,since the population and passenger demand there are not very high.Therefore,modern tram has attracted more attention and has been developed gradually in some small and medium-sized cities.Modern tram is taken as the research topic in this paper and its operation plan is studied based on the method of passenger flow forecast.Firstly,the definition of modern tram system is described and its features are introduced.Also,differences between modern tram,conventional urban rail transit and BRT are analyzed from the aspects of system mechanism,technical features and suitable conditions,and its function is appointed clearly.In addition,the relevant theories of modern tram operation plan are introduced,which provides the theoretical basis for the further research.Secondly,beginning with passenger flow being the basis of modern tram operation plan,the definition and characteristics of passenger flow are analyzed and four-stage method is fixed as the method of modern tram passenger flow forecast.The trip generation stage uses method of yield rate and attractiveness rate deriving from cross classification means.The trip distribution stage chooses the gravity model.The modal split stage selects the Logit model.The traffic assignment stage focuses on the user equilibrium model.Thirdly,principles and influencing factors of modern tram operation plan are summarized.Meanwhile,it is proposed that modern tram suits for the long routing and the operation plan of stopping station by station combining with the actual modern tram operation.Besides,an optimization model for modern tram operation plan is established with the multiple tram formation to solve the non-equilibrium time problem of passenger flow.This model is upgraded from the optimized one with single formation operation plan,so that the total vehicle number of multiple tram formation is less than the single one.The genetic algorithm is chosen as the method to solve the model and the specific steps of the algorithm are designed.Finally,developing modern tram in TianShui is taken as the concrete example,the passenger flow of modern tram 1 is forecasted by use of TransCAD software.After analyzingthe forecast results,the non-equilibrium time ratio of modern tram 1 is 2.51,which means that the multiple tram formation operation plan is reasonable exactly.The single tram formation and the multiple one are worked out using Matlab software,respectively.By comparing and analyzing comprehensively,the multiple tram formation operation plan can decrease both the company and passenger cost,cut down departing intervals and improve service level of modern tram system.