| With the development of e-commerce in China,the transportation demand of the whole society for goods of small amount and high timeliness has increased greatly,and the competition among various transportation enterprises in the same express freight transportation corridor has been increasingly intense.So studying the competitive relation among different transportation modes plays a significant role in optimizing the allocation of transportation resources.Against that background and by summarizing the research status of express freight transport at domestic and international,this thesis studies the pricing strategies and the sharing rate of freight volume of different transportation modes in the express freight transportation corridor.To begin with,the characteristics and relevant definitions of express freight and express freight transportation corridor are analyzed.Based on the current development of the freight market,the advantages and disadvantages as well as transportation and organization situations of four common transportation modes which are railway transportation,high-speed railway transportation,air transportation and highway transportation are compared.And their respective problems and market challenges are found.Next,by analyzing the influence factors of volume sharing of different transportation modes,freight rate,rapidity,safety,reliability and convenience are established as indicators to measure shipper's utility.All these indicators are quantified to build the utility function of shipper's.Then the evaluation system of indicators is established and the indicators' weight in the utility function is confirmed based upon analytic hierarchy process of linear programming.Then the generalized profit function of transportation modes is established,and the reciprocal and coordinated relationships among various transportation modes are analyzed.Different transportation modes and shippers are regarded as game players respectively into a game space,and then the model of dynamic game with complete information are established with the aim of maximizing the generalized profit of transportation modes and shipper's utility.In the model,the freight rate is a contacting variable,and when the desired freight rate of shipper is equal to the rate set by various transportation modes in theory,the sharing rate of freight volume tends to be stable as well,which means game equilibrium.The algorithm of solving game equilibrium of the model is designed according to this thinking.Finally,taking the express between Lanzhou and Xi'an for example,the model is used to calculate the shipper's utility and the generalized profit function of transportation modes: railway,high-speed railway,air transportation and highway transportation.The algorithm is programmed in Matlab,and the freight rate and volume sharing rate of the four transportation modes on the condition of game equilibrium are calculated to verify the effectiveness of game model. |
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