| Since the reform and opening up,China has experienced the history of the world's largest and fastest urbanization process,but because of the lack of a unified scientific planning,reasonable architectural design,resulting in the overall layout of small towns chaos,land use efficiency is low,building performance Poor and other issues,and then lead to environmental,energy crisis.Therefore,the search for an ecological small town building development path has become an urgent problem to be solved in the current construction field.In this paper,taking Zhangjiakou area as the research background,taking full account of the characteristics of local regional,climatic and natural ecological environment,this paper studies the design strategy of ecological architecture for small towns from the perspective of harmonious development of architecture,people and environment.Two to three-storey store-style building is a typical type of small town in a typical type of building,this kind of building at the same time combined with the residential function and commercial functions,directly reflects the small town residents living,living,working environment,The second and third floor of the small town in Zhangjiakou area is the object of study.Through access to relevant norms and literature,on-site field research,visit the urban residents,test the indoor temperature and humidity methods,to understand the local construction status and the existence of ecological problems.After field investigation and analysis,it is found that there are main problems in the local construction: the thermal design partition is controversial;the thermal performance of the building envelope is poor,the energy is serious,especially in the winter heating energy consumption;Sex is poor,the winter indoor temperature can notmeet the insulation requirements,summer indoor natural ventilation caused by the hot feeling;the utilization of renewable energy and other issues.In view of the above problems,the use of ecological design concept,auxiliary software simulation design,focusing on local winter cold insulation,summer natural ventilation and building energy efficiency problems.Based on the characteristics of the confluence of cold and cold climates and the characteristics of small town 's house-style architecture,the paper puts forward the ecological design principles and energy-saving design index range for small-scale urban house in Zhangjiakou area,and puts forward the corresponding ecological Design Strategy.The study shows that the climate characteristics of the Zhangjiakou area are between the cold climate and the cold climate,and tend to be cold.The concrete manifestation is that the winter temperatures are cold and the summer temperatures are moderate.The ecological design principle is based on the winter cold insulation and appropriate Summer is naturally ventilated.Specific design measures such as building orientation to select the south east 10 ° ~ 30 °or so,the construction room optimal size wide width × deep selection 4.2m × 3.4m,4.2m × 3.6m,building additional sun,wall,roof Insulation,roof selection slope roof and the opening of the tiger window,doors and windows staggered layout,the window with double insulated glass,south to the window size should open election 1800 mm ×1800mm,north to the window should be small election 1500 mm × 1500 mm,through the above measures can be effective To improve the overall thermal performance of the building to improve the indoor thermal environment,so that the building to meet the ecological requirements.The paper puts forward some concrete measures for the ecological design of the small house town in Zhangjiakou area,which provides a reference for the architectural ecology design in the cold and cold climate junction area,which initially reflects the suitability and scientificity of the ecological design of the building,For the future of the local small town house building eco-design provides a guide,and ultimately to achieve the development of eco-small town goals. |
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