| Deoxynivalenol(DON),also known as vomitoxin,widespread in agricultural products and feed,which is one of natural mycotoxins with greatest dangers in animal husbandry,and have extensive toxicity on livestock and poultry.At present,there are many reported on DON toxic effects in mammals,but few studies in poultry,especially in poultry which has not been reported in domestic and abroad,so further exploration is needed.In this experiment,DON was extracted and purified firstly,and then the toxin attack test was carried out.120 Hai-lan chickens(male,1-day-old)were selected and randomly divided into four groups and 30 chicken of each,according to single factor experiment design.Chicken in control and treatment groups were fed the same full price diets.Chicken in low,medium and high dose of groups were gavaged with 0.27,1.68 and 12.21 mg·kg-1 DON solution according to the feed intake,respectively.Chicken in control group were gavaged with the same dose of sodium chloride.The trial was conducted for 36 days,and toxin attack once every 7 day,a total of 5 times.One day before every gavaged,10 chickens were randomly selected from each group,the blood was collected via wing vein for measuring serum immunoglobulin levels,antibody titer and serum lipid peroxidation indexes.At the end of the trial,20 chickens from each group were slaughtered,and the organs of thymus,bursa of fabricius,spleen,liver,kidney and brain were quickly collected and weighed for calculating the immune organ relative indexes,and observed their pathological lesions,the brain tissues were used for measuring the lipid peroxidation levels.The result showed as follows:1.Compared with the control group,the relative organ indexes of spleen in low and medium does group were significantly decrease(P <0.05);the relative organ indexes of bursa of fabricius had a reduced tendency in low and medium does group;the relative organ indexes of thymus in medium dose groups were significantly decrease(P <0.05);and the relative organ indexes of spleen and thymus in high does group were significantly reduced(P <0.05).2.On d 21,chicken antibody titer of the Newcastle disease in each group increased two titers which showed it has immune effect,but there was no significant difference between treatment and control group(P > 0.05).Compared with thecontrol group,the serum immunoglobulin levels showed a decreasing tendency with the increasing of the times of DON exposure and dose.On d 7 and 14,the serum IgG levels in each group had no significant difference(P>0.05),as well as in low dose group on d 21,28 and 35,but the serum IgG levels in high dose group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).On d 28 and 35,the serum IgG levels in medium and high dose group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the serum IgM and IgA levels in the low and medium dose groups had a decreasing trend(P>0.05);while the serum IgM and IgA levels in high dose group were significantly reduced on d 28 and 35(P<0.05).3.Compared with the control group,the activities of serum GSH-Px,SOD,CAT and T-AOC in chicken showed a decreasing trend.On d 14 and 21,above indexes in high dose group were significantly reduced(P<0.05);while these indexes in medium and high dose groups were significantly lower than those of the control group on d 28 and 35(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the contents of NO and MDA were increased in varying degrees with the increasing of the times of DON exposure and dose;the contents of MDA in each group were significantly increased on d 21,28 and 35(P<0.05);the contents of NO in high group were significantly increased on d14,21,28 and 35(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the activities of brain GSH-Px,SOD,CAT and T-AOC in high dose group were significantly reduced(P<0.05),while the contents of NO and MDA were significantly increased(P<0.05).4.Pathological slice showed that,the spleen and bursa of fabricius had edema in varying degrees,and the thymus appeared different degree of congestion in the low and medium dose groups;while the spleen had obvious edema,and the thymus had obvious congestion and large amount of serous effusion in high dose group.In conclusion,DON exposure could significantly affect the immune organ relative index and serum immunoglobulin levels in chicken,and damage immune organs which can decrease immune function.DON could also alter the lipid peroxidation levels in sera and brain tissues,and then induce the oxidative stress in chicken. |
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