Protection Efficacy Evaluation On Migratory Bird National Nature Reserves In China

The most direct and effective way to protect biodiversity and habitat is to establish nature reserves.It has vital significance that building a scientific and complete evaluation index system to assess the protection effectiveness of the national nature reserves and promote the management effectiveness.Up to January 2014,there are 105 wildlife national nature reserves having been established in China(total 407 national nature reserves).Among of them,there are 23 migratory bird national nature reserves which provide the diversity food,habitat,breeding sites for migratory birds on the migratory route.But the migratory bird national nature reserves faces habitat patches,the food resources changes,the hidden environment reduces,drought,water was polluted,and so on.The protection effectiveness of the migratory bird national nature reserves is still clear,It is necessary to evaluate the protection efficacy for summarizing the achievements and deficiencies of the migratory bird national nature reserves and improving the management effectiveness and biodiversity conservation.Migratory bird type national nature reserve is that the main object of protection national nature reserve is migratory birds.Using integrated analysis method,expert consultation method,demonstration survey method,We present an indicator system for evaluating the protection efficacy based on the interval of the recent ten years.The indicator system includes 1 target layer,2 system layers which are 60 points conservation effectiveness evaluation and 40 points management effectiveness evaluation,9 factor layers,36 index layers and 7 assign indexes of-12 points to 8 points man-made influence.In the process of building the index system,first of all,to establish hierarchy model(each layer of index in evaluation framework are bound by the upper indicator to lower level indicators reigns),then,to establish judgment matrix,finally,according to the assignment of weight of indexes,the weights of each factor are confirmed.Assigning points,total score of each level is 100 points,index score of each level are weighted according to its weights in the level.Ecological effectiveness efficacy contains 5 factors layers and 15 index layers,5 factors layers are representative,suitability,scarcity,diversity and integrity.Management effectiveness efficacy contains 4 factors layers and 21 index layers,4 factors layers are management object,management action,management security and management effection.Protection effectiveness evaluation comprehensive score is ecological effectiveness assessment scores by 60%plus management effectiveness evaluation scores by 40%and the human impact assessment score.Hierarchy standard:composite scores above 88 points for the best,76?88 was divided into good,60?75 can be divided into general,below 60 points for the poor.In order to verify and perfect the evaluation index system,Hunan East Dongting Lake National Nature Reserve is researched.The results show that,In recent 10 years.Protection effectiveness evaluation comprehensive score is 82?hierarchy standard is good,ecological effectiveness efficacy is 80 points,Management effectiveness efficacy is 85 points,representative scored 30 points,suitability scored 25 points,scarcity scored 8 points,diversity scored 9 points,integrity scored 8 points,management object scored 9 points,management action scored 32 points,management security scored 19 points,management effection scored 26 points,man-made effection scored 0 points.Hunan East Dongting Lake National Nature Reserve is successful in publicity and education,field patrol,but the management ownership chaos causes a series of adverse consequences.They can develop ecological tourism to improve the resident income,and maybe it can reduce business activities and restore migratory bird habitat.