Effects Of Sowing Date And Density On Yield And Quality Of Wheat "Chang Hang 1"

To investigate effects of sowing dates and planting density on yield and quality of wheat,Changhang 1 was used as material in the experiment in Yongshou county,Shaanxi Province in 2015-2016,by using of the optimal design of two times D saturation with two factors of sowing date and sowing rate.Providing the theoretical support for the large-scale promotion of Changhang 1.The results were as follows:1.The test results showed that the sowing date and density had significant effect on the biological characters of wheat Changhang 1.Suitable early sowing date was beneficial to increase the field emergence rate and tiller number per plant of wheat Changhang 1.Different treatments had significant effect on plant height,tiller number per plant,leaf age of main stem and secondary root of single plant,and the difference was significant.The treatment 6(the sowing date is September 26 th,and the sowing density is 153.0kg/hm2)had the highest field emergence rate of 92.7%;the treatment 4(the sowing date is September 23 th,and the sowing density is 113.0kg/hm2)had the highest tiller number per plant of 5.5;at jointing period,the treatment 3(the sowing date is September 18 th,and the sowing density is 153.0kg/hm2)of plant height,the treatment 4(the sowing date is September 23 th,and the sowing density is 113.0kg/hm2)of leaf age and treatment 1(the sowing date is September 18 th,and the sowing density is 82.5kg/hm2)of secondary root were 29.8cm,11.58 and 21 respectively,with the increase rate of 23.0%?48.3% and 87.5% compared with the lowest value respectively.There were no significant effect on ear characters of wheat.2.The test results showed that the sowing date and density had effect on the net photosynthetic rate of functional leaves of wheat Changhang 1.The treatment 6(the sowing date is September 26 th,and the sowing density is 153.0kg/hm2)had the highest photosynthetic rate on the flag leaves of 14.34?molCO2·m-2·s-1,with the higher than the lowest value of 28.8%;the treatment 2(the sowing date is September 30 th,and the sowing density is 82.5kg/hm2)had the highest photosynthetic rate on the secondary leaf of 12.82?mol CO2·m-2·s-1,with the higher than the lowest value of 66.7%.3.The test results showed that the sowing date and density had significant effect on the yield and yield components of wheat Changhang 1.The treatment 6(the sowing date is September 26 th,and the sowing density is 153.0kg/hm2)had the highest yield and spike number of 7563.22 kg/hm2 and 484×104/hm2,there was significant difference than other treatments;the treatment 5(the sowing date is September 30 th,and the sowing density is 132.0kg/hm2)had the highest grains per spike,the treatment 1(the sowing date is September 18 th,and the sowing density is 82.5kg/hm2)had the highest thousand kernel weight,there was significant difference than other treatments.Through the optimization,the suitable sowing date for Changhang 1 sowing is from September 23 th to September 27 th,and its suitable planting density is 106.3~132.5 kg/hm2.4.The test results showed that the sowing date and density had effect on the protein,milling quality and filour quality of wheat Changhang 1.The effect of sowing date on quality was greater than that of sowing density.Early sowing and late sowing are not conducive to the improvement of wheat quality.There was significant difference on the wet gluten,treatment 3(the sowing date is September 18 th,and the sowing density is 153.0kg/hm2)had the highest wet gluten of 29.90%,with the higher than the lowest value of 8.9%.There was no significant difference on other quality index.Treatment 4(the sowing date is September 23 th,and the sowing density is 113.0kg/hm2)was better than other treatment.