The Fatty Acid Composition And Expression Of Lipid Metabolism-Associated Genes In Various Adipose Tissue Of Yanbian Yellow Cattle

The main objective of this study was to explore the content and composition of adipose tissue from different parts of Yanbian yellow cattle,the fat cells morphology from different parts of the adipose tissue,and to analyze the differential expression of adipose tissue and lipid metabolism related genes.To lay the foundation mechanism for the lipid regulation and metabolism of Yanbian yellow cattle meat.In this paper the research studies is divide into three main parts are as follows:1.Select 24-month-old 10 castrate and bull Yanbian yellow cattle,having the same genetic background and breeding management conditions.Renal adipose tissue,abdominal adipose tissue,hypodermic adipose tissue and omental adipose tissue were taken,the meteorological chromatography was adopted to determine the composition and content of fatty acids from different part of adipose tissue.The results are as follows:(1)In abdominal fat 16 kinds of fatty acids:Caprylic acid?Lauric acid?Myristic?Myristoleic?Pentadecanoic?Palmitic?Palmitoletic?Heptadecanoic?Stearic?Linolelaidic?Elaidic?Linoleic??-Linoleic?Behenic?Eicosatrienoic?Arachidonic was detected.In addition to the above 16 kinds of fatty acids Henicosanoic,Behenic.in sebum while in Kidney fat Caprylic acid was detected.(2)In saturated fatty acids(SFA),hexadecanoic acid(C16:0)was detected which was higher in renal adipose tissue,abdominal adipose tissue,subcutaneous adipose tissue,retinal fat tissue,the value were 197.62mg/g,194.49mg/g,205.17mg/g and 194.49mg/g respectively.The second most abundant saturated fatty acids(SFA)was stearic acid(C18:0),the value were 261.29mg/g,90.34mg/g,244.28mg/g and 69.76mg/g respectively;Monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA),the level of oleic acid(C18:1c)were higher in renal adipose tissue,abdominal adipose tissue,subcutaneous adipose tissue,retinal fat tissue,the value were 184.08mg/g,240.17mg/g,179.64mg/g,237.08mg/g respectively.Polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),the content of y-linolenic acid(C18:3n6)in the renal adipose tissue,abdominal adipose tissue,subcutaneous adipose tissue,retinal fat tissue,the value were 3.27mg/g,0.56mg/g,2.57mg/g and 0.94mg/g respectively,followed by arachidonic acid(c20:4n6),0.19mg/g,0.25mg/g respectively.2.Paraffin section technique was used to prepare the slices from renal adipose tissue,abdominal adipose tissue,subcutaneous adipose tissue and retinal fat tissue,using Image J to measure the area and diameter of the fat cells in different parts of the adipose tissue.The results were as follows:In kidney fat the adipose tissue cell was larger in size,full as compare to Subcutaneous adipose tissue,theses fat cells have uniform size,full,cell wall,has a tendency to synthesize large cell.In the Belly area the fat cells is large,irregular shape,filling,lipid drops.In Omental the adipose cell area is small,concave,cell membrane,cell shape is polygon,dry and lipid drops slightly decreased.The area of renal adipose tissue in the abdomen,subcutaneous fat cells,omental adipose tissue in the fat cells area compared was significant difference(P<0.05);Subcutaneous adipose tissue in the area and abdominal fat cells,kidney week,omental adipose tissue in the fat cells area compared was significant difference(P<0.05).Kidney,subcutaneous fat and the diameter of a single fat cells abdomen,omentum fat in the adipose tissue cell diameter compared was significant difference(P<0.05).3.QRT-PCR was used to detect the relative expression of KER,APOLD1,SCD1,SFRP4,FABP5,SCP2 in renal adipose tissue,abdominal adipose tissue,rear flank,ribeye,breast adipose tissue,barbecue sirloin,high rid chuck roll,neck adipose tissue and in eight parts of the brain.The results were as following:The expression of KER gene was higher in the breast adipose tissue and neck meat adipose tissue(P<0.05);The expression of APOLD1 gene was higher in the barbecue sirloin adipose tissue(P<0.05);The expression of SCD1 gene was higher in the breast adipose tissue(P<0.05);The expression of SFRP4 gene was higher in the rear flank adipose tissue,ribeye adipose tissue,neck adipose tissue(P<0.05);The expression of FABP5 gene was higher in the abdominal adipose tissue,breast adipose tissue(P<0.05);The expression of SCP2 gene was higher in the breast adipose tissue(P<0.05).Study concluded that:1.The fatty acid composition and content in Renal adipose tissue?abdominal adipose tissue?hypodermic adipose tissue and omental adipose tissue was different of Yanbian yellow cattle.2.The area and diameter of Renal fat cells than abdominal adipose tissue?hypodermic adipose tissue and omental adipose tissue was larger.3.The expression of KDR,APOLD1,SCD1,SFRP4,FABP5 and SCP2 of renal adipose tissue?abdominal adipose tissue?hypodermic adipose tissue and omental adipose tissue was different.