The Dietary Selection Of Sheep And Cattle Under Different Grazing Intensities And Ways Intypicalsteppe

Grazingisthemain use of natural grassland,and grasslandmanagement importantmeans.Feeding behavior is thecore of grazing ecology research,community characteristics of grassland ecosystem influences feeding selectionof livestock,and the feeding of livestock reacts to the community,there is a close interaction between livestock and Plants.This paper takes Inner Mongolia Xilingol grassland as an example,setting three grazing intensity(light grazing,moderate grazing and heavy grazing)and mixed grazing of cattle and sheep,and grazing alone,the effects of different grazing intensities and grazing methods on the feeding habits of livestock were analyzed systematically,this study has a theoretical and practical value for revealing the relationship between animal and plant ecosystem and the sustainable management of grassland ecosystem in grazing ecosystem.The main conclusions are as follows:1)Grazing intensity significantly affected the relativelybiomass and community diversity of the main populations.The relative biomass of Stipa grandis was significantly increased with increasing grazing intensity,andLeymuschinensis was significantly decreased;Simpson index,Shannon-wiener index,Pielou evenness were significantly decreased with the increasingofgrazing intensity.2)With the same grazing pressure gradient,the three kinds of grazing methods had significant effects on the relativelybiomass and community diversity of the main populations.Comparing with thecontrast,the relative biomass ofStipa grandis was significantly increased in all grazing systems,while that of Leymus chinensis decreased significantly;Simpson index,Shannon-wiener index,Pielou evenness and other diversity indexsignificantly decreased.There was no significant difference betweenthe relative biomass of each major population and the above diversity index.3)Different grazing intensity and grazing mode,cattle and sheep recipes are significantlydifferent,and sheep mainly feed leymuschinensisanemarrhenaasphodeloides?cleistogenes squorrosa and so on,while the proportion of cattle feedingwasStipagrandis higher.Withthe increase of grazing intensity,the proportion of sheep feeding Stipagrandis increased,while the proportion of Leymus chinensis decreased.4)Grazing intensity and grazing pattern had a certain effect on selective food of cattle and sheep.Inlight grazing?moderate grazingconditions,the sheep are more favorite eat leymuschinensisand anemarrhenaasphodeloides,and do not favoriteStipagrandis;Under the conditions of heavy grazing,Leymus chinensis from preference to edible,Stipagrandischanged fromedible to favorite.Stipagrandisin the sheep single animal husbandry sheep do not favorite,when mixed the animal husbandry to become favorite or edible,and cattle in different grazing methods are favorite;Leymus chinensisregardless of what kind of grazingmethods cattle and sheeP are favorite.5)Grazing intensity,grazing method and grazing period significantly affected the feeding patterns of sheep and cattle on Leymus chinensis,and they had interaction.The way of feeding of cattle and sheep to Leymus chinensis is mainly the top-clippingand stem-drawing.the top-clippingof grazing cattle alone was significantly lower than grazing sheep alone and mixed grazing,but not affected by grazing intensity;stem-drawing rate and defoliating rate increased significantly with the increase of grazingintensity,but not affected bythe way of grazing.Top-clippingrate significantly decreased and thensignificantly increased,with the change of the grazing period.the variation law of the defoliation rate was the same as that of the grazingintensity,thevariationlawofdifferentgrazing patterns was opposite;defoliating rate isnot affected by the grazingperiod.