Study On Hypogeous Fungi Of Eight Tree Species And Helianthemum Songoricum In Inner Mongolia Based On High-Throughout Sequencing

This paper soil samples under 8 tree species and Helianthemum ordosicum from Greater Khingan Range of Hulunbeier city,Heilihe and Saihanwula National Nature Reserve of Chifeng city,Daqing Mountain Nature Reserve of Hohhot,Helan Mountain Nature Reserve of Alashan,as well as West Ordos National Reserve of Erdos in Inner Mongolia has been collected.ITS DNA sequence of hypogeous fungi have been obtained through Illumina Hi Seq high-throughput sequencing technology.Effective sequences have been obtained by the application of FLASH,QIIME,Mothur and other softwares,then these effective sequence's will be divided.into OTUs using Blast in the databases.At last the diversity of hypogeous fungi under 8 tree species and H.songoricum has been analyzed using R software.OTUs of hypogeous fungi have been selected from the results of high-throughput sequencing,the results showed that 8 tree species and H.ordosicum in Inner Mongolia contained 26 OTUs belonging to hypogeous fungi.The 8 major tree species in the Inner Mongolia have 21 OTUs,distributed in Ascomycota and Basidiomycota,5 orders including Elaphomycetales,Pezizales,Boletale,Hymenogastrales and Phallales,9 families including Elaphomycetaceae,Helvellaceae,Otideaceae,Pezizaceae,Terfeziaceae,Tuberaceae,Rhizopogonaceae,Hymenogastraceae,and Hysteraniaceae,10 genera belonging to Elaphomyces,Hydnotrya,Genea,Geopora,Hydnobolites,Terfezia,Tuber,Rhizopogon,Hymenogaster,and Hysterangium.The genera of Tuber,Hysterangium,and Hymenogaster are the main hypogeous fungal genera in Inner Mongolia.Tuber has a wide distribution on all of these 8 tree species.From the aspects of the tree species,there were great differences in the diversity and abundance of hypogous fungi between the 8 tree species.Pinus tabulaeformis and Larix gmelinii have much Tuber species and abundance.Populus davidiana and Larix gmelinii have more abundance on Hydnotrya.Quercus mongolica and Pinus tabulaeformis have more abundance on Genea,Pinus tabulaeformis has the most abundance on Elaphomyces,Quercus mongolica has most abundance on Terfezia.Larix gmelinii has most abundance on Geopora,Hydnobolites distributed only under Betula daurica.Rhizopogon has a wide distribution under 6 tree species except for Populus davidiana and Quercus mongolica.Most of the Hymenogaster distributed under Larix gmelinii.Hysterangium mainly distributed under Betula daurica.According to the sampling areas,the diversity of hypogeous fungi from high to low is following:Saihan of Chifeng>Dabagou of Heilihe of Chifeng = Daoxugou of Heilihe of Chifeng>Mount Daqing of Hohhot>Greater Khingan Range of Hulunbeier.H.ordosicum contained 5 OTUs of hypogeous fungi,including Scleroderma and Gastrosporium of Boletales of Basidiomycota,as well as Tuber and Picoa of Pezizales of Ascomycota.At the genus level,abundance from high to low was Picoa,Tuber,Scleroderma and Gastrosporium.Through the analysis of high-throughput sequencing,this study revealed 13 genera of hypogous fungi under 8 tree species and H.ordosicum in Inner Mongolia area,far more than the number of hypogeous fungi studied by the previous studies by the fruiting body.High throughput sequencing analysis can provide an important tool for us to study further the hypogeous fungal communities in Inner Mongolia.