Development And Application Of Vermicompost Substrate And Trace Elements Fertilizers In Strawberry Seedling Growth

In the middle and late of 20th century,the intensive aquaculture in Europe,Japan and other countries had a rapid development.However,how to manage the animal manure waste has become an increasingly prominent.In China,livestock and poultry breeding have become the main source of pollution in rural areas.Therefore,how to make the large number of livestock and poultry manure harmless,reduction,recycling and environment-friendly is an important issue to be solved quickly.Vermicompost is a natural and earthy finely class material with good porosity,air permeability,drainage and high water holding capacity.Vermicompost contains a variety of plant hormones,which is good for plant growth.In this study,vermicompost,peat,perlite,and vermiculite were mixed with different proportions to select the best substrate for strawberry seedlings through the analysis of strawberry growth.In order to analysis the optimum amount of boron,molybdenum and iron fertilizer for atrawberry growth,the boron,molybdenum,iron and other trace elements in single or mixed fertilizer were applied in strawberry seedling aubstract,.The main results were showed as following:The substrates mixed with different portions of vermicompost improved the quality of strawberry seedlings.One-third vermicompost in substrate material volume of seedling substrate had the best effect on strawberry seedlings in general.The plant height,biomass,root morphology indexes,SPAD value and peroxidase activity of the maternal strawberry seedlings,the leaf area,petiole length and petiole coarse of the child strawberry seedlings had been improved.The treatment with peat replaced by the vermicompost entirely restrain the grown of strawberry seedings,even worse than conventional substrates,one-third vermicompost in substrate material volume of seedling substrate can be recommended for the actual production of strawberry seedling.The cow manure vermicompost,peat,perlite,and vermiculite were mixed with different proportions(the volume ratio of vermicompost,peat,perlite,and vermiculite in substrate A,substrate B,substrate C are 0:4:1:1,2:2:1:1,4:0:1:1,separately),The harvesting time of strawberry fruit in substrate B was 5?15 days earlier than that in substrate A and C.A moderate amount of vermicompost substrate instead of strawberry growth peat in the substrate improved the quality of strawberry fruit.One-third vermicompost in substrate material volume of seedling substrate not only improved the flavor of the fruit,but also increased the nutrition of the fruit.Generally,the soluble sugar content,sugar-acid ratio,soluble solids content,ascorbic acid content,soluble protein content,anthocyanins content of strawberry fruits in substrate B were higher than that in substrate A and substrate C.To sum up,the use of(worm composting replace 50%peat)cultivation of strawberry seedlings can make strawberry mature earlier with insignificantly effect on yield of strawberry among substrate A,B and C.On the other hand,the substract with vemicompost could improve the quality of strawberry fruit,but the high proportion of vermicompost made the improved effect reduce,the growth of strawberry plant would be affected by a certain degree of inhibition.So the substrate B can be recommended for the factory production of strawberry growth.In this study,the boron,molybdenum,and iron were compounded into single and foliar fertilizer,and applied to strawberry seedling substract,then the optimum application amount of boron,molybdenum and iron fertilizer were determined by the growth of strawberry.The results showed that the separated application of boron,molybdenum,iron fertilizer,and foliar fertilizers can promote the number of strawberry breeding seedlings,maternal plant height,the net photosynthetic rate,leaf area,SPAD value,biomass of maternal and child seedling in different degrees.The positive effect of boron and molybdenum on propagation of seedlings number and leaf area,and the positive effect of iron on chlorophyll and photosynthesis were obvious.Overall,with the increase of iron concentration,the promoting effect on the maternal plant leaf area,SPAD value,maternal plant aboveground and belowground biomass and leaf area of the seedlings was more obvious.By contrast,the promoting effect of high concentration of boron and molybdenum was weakened,and even inhibited the number of breeding seedlings;In different trace elements fertilizer treatment,boron and molybdenum had the best effect that could significantly improve the strawberry maternal and child seedling shoot and root biomass.Thus,the treatment of the fertilizer with 2%boron,0.2%molybdenum,all of the concentration of iron fertilizer and boron and molybdenum for strawberry seedlings were the optimum application method.