| Pleurotus eryngii(P.eryngii),which is delicious as abalone,rich aroma like almond,also called “king oyster mushroom”,is one of the most favored mushroom species and widely consumed in China.And it is a very important medical mushroom.In recent years,with the rapidly development of mushroom industry,the factory production of P.eryngii scale is increasing expand.At the same time,more and more problems are present in front of us,like the long making cycle,high polluted rate,the different age,low profit.In order to solve these problems,improving the production technology is very significant.In this work,the fermentation process of liquid spawn was optimized,and the distillers' grains of Chinese fen-flavor liquor was used to cultivate P.eryngii fruit.Meanwhile,the polysaccharide extracted from P.eryngii and the fermented filtrates of P.eryngii were also studied,which can provide evidence for research functional products of P.eryngii and recycling mushroom residue.The objective of this study aimed to optimize the production technology.Firstly,we chose the best carbon and nitrogen sources,then on the basis of single-factor experiment,contents of each ingredient in the medium were optimized using response surface methodology(RSM).And the fermented conditions for the production on liquid spawn were studied.Secondly,the distillers' grains of Chinese fen-flavor liquor was used to cultured P.eryngii.And the best mushroom formula was obtained through the detection and comparison of various indexes such as fruit body nutrient composition,morphology index,growth cycle and so on.Lastly,The polysaccharide was extracted from P.eryngii and the antioxidant activity was also researched.We also researched the Inhibition effect of fermented filtrates of P.eryngii on 3 plant fungi.The main results were shown as follows:(1)An optimized fermented medium composition for the production on liquid spawn of P.eryngii was investigated by using response surface methodology.The optimal constituents for the medium were as follows: potato 100g/L,wheat bran 30g/L,sucrose27g/L,peptone 1.40g/L,potassium phosphate monobasic 0.85g/L,magnesium sulfate 1g/L.And under medium for the production in these conditions,the yield of dry weight of biomass was 1.885 1g/100 m L.It provides an effective liquid strain of P.eryngii,and can provide an effective way for the cultivation techniques of P.eryngii(2)The influences of different single factor on the yield of mycelium production of P.eryngii were also obtained,which were rotation speeds > pH > inoculability quantity >volume.And the optimal of fermented conditions for the production on liquid strain of P.eryngii were as follows: p H 5.90,inoculability quantity 9.50 %,rotation speeds 147.00r/min and volume 95.00/250 m L.And under the conditions,the yield of dry weight of biomass was 1.265 7 g/100 m L.(3)The results showed that the P.eryngii fruit body could be obtained in 11 groups which were design in advance.But according to fruit body's training cycles and nutritional value,the optimum conditions were obtained which were distillers' grains 50%,cotton seed hull 20%,corn cob 20%,bran 8%,lime 1%,gypsum 1%.Under this circumstance,the biological efficiency was high and the production period was short then generic ways.Therefore the study are providing a new cultivation techniques for P.eryngii and a new avenues for the re-utilization of distillers' grains.(4)The results showed that the maximum yield of polysaccharide was obtained at the optimum condition: ultrasound time 36.86 min,extraction temperature 80.04?,ratio of water to raw material 50.5mL/g,extraction time 2.52 h.And the extracting yield reached14.61%.The antioxidant activities of polysaccharide results showed that the scavenging activities of polysaccharide were hydroxyl scavenging activity(80.69%),ABTS scavenging activity(77.13%),DPPH scavenging activity(70.05%),superoxide radical scavenging activity(62.97%),respectively.It provides an effective way to extract polysaccharide from P.eryngii(5)The results showed that the fermented filtrates from P.eryngii showed the lysis phenomenon and it had significant inhibition effects on pathogen mycelial growth and spore germination.The inhibitory rate of the extracts against the mycelial growth showed as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucmrium(92.78%)> Alternaria alternata(89.76%)>Fusarium graminearum(87.45%)and the inhibitory rate against the spore germination were Fusarium graminearum(79.45%)> Alternaria alternata(72.25%)> Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucmrium(52.32%).Therefore,there were the anti-pathogenic materials in fermented filtrates of P.eryngii,which could lay the foundation for the development of bio-inhibitor. |
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