| Unlike mammals,poultry embryos and matrix is separated.Embryonic development directly affects the growth and development of the poultry after hatching.In the late-term embryo as embryos can better adapt to changes in the external environment and internal physiological metabolism,skeletal muscle often occurs substantial degradation,mobilization protein occurring amino acids as a substrate for gluconeogenesis and intestinal development of the necessary amino acids,resulting in muscle fiber atrophy,and affecting late growth.The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of in ovo feeding of methionine on growth performance,antioxidant capacity and muscle development in Landaise geese.1.Effect of in ovo feeding of methionine on growth performmance in Landaise geese.A total of 300 hatching eggs hatched by Landaise geese breeders were randomly divided into 2 treatments(Con and Met)with 3 replicates per treatment and 50 eggs in each replicate.At 24 d of incubation,fertile eggs were injected with 1.5 mL of 5 mg/ml methionine in 0.75% saline,with controls not injected.After hatching,20 healthy goslings with similar body weight were selected from each replicate and then fed.The feeding period was 28 days.The hatchability,growth performance and blood biochemical indexes were measured.Results showed that the Met had no significantly effects on hatchability(P>0.10)but increased the body weight(P<0.05)and average daily gain of geese from 0 to 7 d of age,meanwhile lower(P<0.05)feed /gain.The Met group exhibited a tendency towards higher serum total protein(0.05?P<0.10).The Met group had significantly increased the albumin concentrations and lower the serum uric acid concentrations(P<0.05).Results showed that in ovo feeding of methionine could increase the body weight,enhanced protein deposition and improve the growth performance of landaise geese.2.Effect of in ovo feeding of methionine on antioxidant capacity in Landaise geese.On the hatching day(0 d),7th and 28 th day post-hatch respectively,blood and liver within each group were sampled.The antioxidant ability were measured.The GSSG and MDA content in serum and liver was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05),but the content of GSH and GSH-Px and the radio of GSH/GSSG was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).In conclusion in ovo feeding of methionine could increase the antioxidant capacity,improve the growth performance of landaise geese.3.Effect of in ovo feeding of methionine on muscle development in Landaise geese.On the hatching day(0 d),7th and 28 th day post-hatch respectively,breast muscle within each group were sampled.The weight,fiber diameter and mRNA relative expression of breast muscle were measured.Results showed that the Met group had significantly increased the breast muscle weight and the fiber diameter(P<0.05).The PAX7,FOXO4 and Atrogin-1 gene of breast muscle were cloned and sequenced.The mRNA relative expression of related breast muscle genes were detected by using reverse transcription PCR method.Results showed that the control group increased the Myf5 and reduced MSTN mRNA relative expression(P<0.05).The control group showed that the Met had no significantly effects on PAX7 mRNA relative expression(P>0.10)but increased IGF-1 mRNA relative expression at 0 d(P<0.05)and exhibited a tendency towards higher IGF-1 mRNA relative expression at 7 d(0.05?P<0.10).The control group reduced FOXO4 mRNA relative expression at 0 d(P<0.05)and exhibited a tendency towards lower FOXO4 mRNA relative expression at 7 and 28 d(0.05?P < 0.10);reduced Atrogin-1 mRNA relative expression at 0 and 7 d(P<0.05)and exhibited a tendency towards lower Atrogin-1 mRNA relative expression at 28 d(0.05?P<0.10).In conclusion in ovo feeding of methionine could increase the Myf5,IGF-1 and reduced MSTN,FOXO4,Atrogin-1mRNA relative expression promote the development of breast muscle,thereafter improved the growth of geese. |
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