Effects Of Alfalfa Meal On Growth Performance,Meat Quality And Cecal Microbe In Song Liao Black Pig

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different proportions of alfalfa meal on the physiological and biochemical indexes such as the performance,nutrient digestibility,meat quality and cecal microbial activity of the Songliao black pigs during the fattening period.The rational application of Liao black pig provides theoretical basis.In this study,36 pigs of Sangliao black pigs with similar body weight(60.3�1.07 kg)and good health were randomly divided into four groups: control group,10% alfalfa powder group,15% alfalfa meal group,20% alfalfa powder group,each treated 3 replicates,each replicating three pigs,all pigs are single-slot lap rearing in the same lap.The chilling performance,nutrient digestibility,carcass quality,meat quality,small intestine morphology,digestive enzyme activity,slaughter performance,meat quality and cecal microbial activity were evaluated by 60 d of rearing test.The results showed that the average daily feed intake(ADFI)of the 10% alfalfa group decreased by 2.89%(P> 0.05),and the feed / weight ratio(F / G)decreased by 8%(P>0.05)compared with the control group.(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the lean meat rate,slaughter rate and eye muscle area of the 10% alfalfa group increased(P> 0.05),and the serum biochemical indexes(P <0.05)were significantly higher than those in the control group(ALB)and globulin(GLB)were significantly lower than those in the control group(P> 0.05).The total protein(TB)and cholesterol(CHOL)contents in 10% alfalfa group were significantly lower than those in the control group The control group increased significantly by 9.5% and 9.3%.The digestibility of the three test groups decreased,while the 10% alfalfa group reduced the smallest,but the dry matter(DM)digestibility of 10% alfalfa group was 1.7% lower than that of 15% alfalfa group.Compared with the control group,(P<0.05).The weight of the small intestine was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the difference of stomach weight was not significant(P>0.05).The three bowel gland ratio of the three groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),but the activity of lipase was decreased by 4.3%(P>0.05),while that of 10% alfalfa group was significantly higher than that in 10% alfalfa group(P<0.05)The activity of lipase increased by 3.06%(P>0.05),and the activity of amylase increased by 2.3%(P<0.05),and the shear loss was significantly reduced by 31.2%(P<0.05),and the water loss was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The content of crude protein in 10% alfalfa group was increased by 1.8%(P>0.05),and the other indexes were not significantly different(P>0.05)Acid,linoleic acid,unsaturated fatty acid,monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid content were increased(P> 0.05),but the content of stearic acid was significantly decreased by 9%(P <0.05).The content of propionic acid increased by 6.7%(P>0.05),and the total volatile fatty acid content increased significantly by 15.9%(P<0.05),and the content of acetic acid in cecal contents increased significantly(P<0.05).Through the high-throughput sequencing analysis,it was found that the addition of alfalfa meal in Songliao black pig diet could improve the microbial diversity of cecal contents,among them,(Bacteroidetes)and Spirochaetes.With the increase of alfalfa meal content,the number of microbes increased,and the effect was 10%-15%.The results of the above test showed that the addition of a certain proportion of alfalfa meal in the diet had no effect on the growth performance of Songliao black fattening pig,but increased its material to weight ratio.Slaughter performance,carcass index,organ weight,small intestine development and so no adverse effects.The content of fecal chemical composition and the content of fleshy fatty acids were improved.At the same time,the content of VFA in the cecum increased,and the diversity of cecal microbes increased.In summary,the addition of 10% alfalfa meal in Songliao black fattened pig diet improved the growth,meat and cecal microbial activity.