Key Components Study And Experiment Of A Combined Machine Of Inter-row Subsoiling And Soil Preparation

Subsoiling is an important technique for conservation tillage,it can destroy the compacted or watertight soil layers,making the soil loose,improving soil permeability,enhancing the ability of soil moisture and reducing wind erosion.After subsoiling,the purpose of drought resisting and water retention can be achieved,as a result,not only the ecological environment can be improved,but also crop yields can be increased.The combined machine of subsoiling,as a new minimal tillage farming tool that adapts to modern agriculture requirements,has been widely promoted in recent years in the country.It can complete the deep scarification,the soil preparation and the compaction at one time,and break the old pattern of separate implementation of soil turning and harrowing.Aiming at the problems of large tillage resistance and lack of combined machine under conservation tillage mode,a wedge-shaped self-lubricating deep-shovel is designed and the overall structure design of subsoiling combined machine is also carried out.Soil trough test and field test are conducted in order to verify the drag reduction effect of deep-shovel and the performance of the complete machine.The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:1.A wedge-shaped self-lubricating deep-shovel is designed and studied.A wedge-shaped self-lubricating deep-shovel is designed by changing the shape structure and reducing the friction coefficient.Its three-dimensional model is established by using graphics software SolidWorks,and its finite element static analysis is also carried out.The results show that the maximum equivalent stress of deep-shovel shaft is 6.735 MPa,while the maximum equivalent stress of the deep-shovel top is 0.38 MPa,which are far less than the yield strength of 45# steel 530 MPa.The total deformation of the deep-shovel shaft and the deep-shovel top is deep very small,which shall not affect the normal operation.Hence,the analysis result shows that the design parameters of the deep-shovel are reasonable.2.The comparison test of the wedge self-lubrication deep loosening shovel soil bin test is carried out.The results show that the operating resistance of the wedge-shaped self-lubricating deep-shovel reduced by 14.26% ~ 20.77% compared to the chisel-style deep-shovel under the same scarification depth and operation speed,with the average drag reduction rate of 17.86%,so the drag reduction effect is very obvious.3.The subsoiling combined machine is conducted with general structure design.The machine is composed of cutting stubble part,subsoiling part and soil preparation part,which can complete a number of operations at one time,namely,the subsoiling,the soil preparation,the fertilization and the compaction.4.Prototype manufacturing and field performance test,the results indicate: the average temperature of the land mass was increased by 6%~9% after using the combined operation machine.The average soil water content in 0~40cm layer increased by about 19.6%.Improve the utilization rate of natural precipitation.The machine is reliable in performance,and all the operations meet the technical requirements.