Effect Of Different Cultivation Patterns And Planting Density On The Growth,Yield And Quality Of Adzuki Bean

In order to investigate the effect of cultivation patterns and density on plant height,stem diameter,leaves area index,chlorophyll content,photosynthetic parameters,dry matter accumulation,grain yield and grain quality of adzuki bean in the western semi-arid area of Heilongjiang.Split plot design of plain cultivation and ridge cultivation?65 cm,110 cm between nearby ridges?were applied with seed rate of 90,000 hm²,130,000 hm²,170,000 hm²,210,000hm² and 250,000 hm².The results were showed as follows:1.The plants' height of the bean was significantly increased at the pod-setting stage.The plant height was stable in the later stage,and the difference of the treatment was little.The stem diameter of the beans were reached during the growth period.In different planting methods,the increase in planting density significantly reduced the plants' height and stem diameter of adzuki bean.2.The chlorophyll a / b and carotenoids content decreased during the growth period,while the chlorophyll content increased first and then decreased.The chlorophyll content increased by0.51% 6.62% and the carotenoids content increased by 5.51% 24.39% under the 110 cm ridge during the pod-setting stage and seed filling stage.3.The leaves area index of beans was basically increased first and then decreased in the growth period,reaching the peak at the pod-setting stage.The leaves area index of beans were higher than the plain cultivation mode under 65 cm ridge and 110 cm ridge.The CM4 treatment lasted for a long time,which was beneficial to dry matter accumulation and the formation of grain production.4.Net photosynthetic rate in adzuki bean leaves?Pn?,stomatal conductance?Gs?,intercellular CO² concentration?Ci?and transpiration rate?Tr?rised after falling trend along with the growth period,the net photosynthetic rate?Pn?,stomatal conductance?Gs?,transpiration rate?Tr?were to peak at the pod-setting stage,and the intercellular CO² concentration?Ci?peak appeared in flowering and has increased significantly in Plain cropping mode.65 cm ridge mode can improve the leaf transpiration rate?Tr?,net photosynthetic rate?Pn?,stomatal conductance?Gs?under 110 cm ridge.5.During the growth period,the dry matter accumulation of stems and leaves increased firstand then decreased.The amount of dry matter accumulation in high density reduced under 110 cm ridge.The distribution to stems and grains enhanced and CM4 treated.Dry matter accumulation of adzuki bean increased.The properly increased in density was conducive to pod dry matter accumulation,110 cm ridge for grain dry matter accumulation.6.The pods' per plant and seeds' per plant of different cultivation patterns in was the highest under 90,000 hm².In 110 cm and 65 cm ridge cultivation patterns,pods/main stem and100-seed weight decreased with increased population density;population density showed little effect to 100-seed weight.Plain cultivation and 65 cm ridge cultivation produced highest yield of1387.67 kg·hm^-2and 1723.53 kg·hm^-2in 170,000 hm² population density.110 cm ridge cultivation pattern with 210,000 hm² population density produced highest yield of 1901.07kg·hm^-2.110 cm ridge cultivation pattern with population density of 210,000 hm² should be the recommended cultivation pattern in the tested cropping area.7.Too large grain planting density decreased the pods' soluble protein content.Grain soluble protein content increased under 65 cm ridge and 110 cm ridge.Too high or too low density decreased the grain starch content under 65 cm ridge and 110 cm ridge.110 cm ridge can improve the starch content and have little influence on the adzuki beans' grain crude fat content.