Effects Of Fecal Disturbance And Microhabitat On Fecal Arthropods In Dry Horse Manure

In winter,fresh horse manure will not be disturbed by the fecal arthropods,but in summer,a large number of dung arthropods begin to feed and lay eggs.The composition of the fecal arthropods in the two kinds of manure masses is obviously different,and the decomposition characteristics are also quite different.The microhabitat?grass and bare land?in which the excretion of horse manure affects the entry of the fecal arthropods and the evaporation characteristics of water in the residual feces.It has not been reported whether these differences affect the composition and dynamics of fecal arthropods and thus affect the decomposition and nutrient release of feces or not.From June 2016 to October 2017,the artificial stacking method was used in the grassland ecology research area of Inner Mongolia University in Maodeng pasture,Xilinhaote,Inner Mongolia.The effects of fecal disturbance in fresh horse manure on the composition of fecal arthropods which entered the drying of feces and the effects of grassland microhabitats on the composition and dynamics of fecal arthropods in horse manure were studied in order to deeply understand the decomposition mechanism of horse manure in the typical grassland of Inner Mongolia,and to supplement the material circulation and energy flowing path on the grassland,and even to provide the basis for the scientific management and utilization of the typical steppe.The main findings are as follows:1.About 10552 faecal arthropods were collected,belonging to 51 groups,belonging to 1 phyla,3 classes,10 orders.The dominant groups were Laelapidae and Aphodiidae.Compared with bare land,the temperature of grass and artificial microenvironment increased,the wind speed decreased,and the humidity did not change much.The effect of microenvironment on the community of fecal arthropods was mainly reflected in the early stage of fecal mass accumulation.It showed that the abundance of large fecal arthropods and the number of groups were higher in bare land.While those in small and medium-sized faecal arthropods were higher in grass and the number of predatory fecal arthropods was low.Most of the differences between the later stacks disappear in the subsequent period.Compared with the other two microhabitats,the water loss rate of horse manure in the grass was slower than that in other two microhabitats,the p H of the horse manure in the bare soil decreased more rapidly,and the decrease of organic matter content in the horse manure was the most significant in the bare land.In other words,compared with the three microhabitats,horse manure has a faster decomposition rate in barren soil.From the sequence of CCA,it can be seen that,the faecal arthropods in grass microhabitats and bare soil microhabitats are influenced by environmental factors compared with bare soil microhabitats,among which wind speed and temperature are the most important environmental factors and humidity had little effect on fecal arthropods.2.About 2607 fecal arthropods were collected and collected,belonging to 51 groups belonging to 1 phyla,3 classes,11 orders.The dominant groups were Laelapidae,Cheyletidae and Cryptognathidae.In the absence of disturbance of dung beetle,there was no significant difference in the number of arthropod and the number of species of dung arthropod entering after drying compared with that of cow dung block disturbed by dung beetle It can promote the larval abundance of the main species of Laelapidae and Staphylinidae larvae,and can inhibit the abundance of Anthicidae.The diversity index?H??,dominance index?D?and evenness index?J?of fecal arthropods had no significant effect,but the richness index(D_Ma)increased at330 days,and the extra time had no effect.The effects of fecal arthropod disturbance on the physical and chemical properties of horse manure were as follows:the pH decreased significantly,the content of water-soluble organic matter increased significantly,the content of total phosphorus increased significantly,but the content of organic matter did not decrease significantly.There was no significant change in total nitrogen content and water content.The decomposition rate did not change significantly.