Prognostic Factors In Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Background and Objective:There are a lot of researches on the Prognostic Factors in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss(SSHL).Because of the lack of high quality clinical research and evidence-based medicine,Prognostic Factors in SSHL have always been great uncertainty and divergence.The objective of this study was to analyze the possible factors that may influence the prognosis of patients with SSHL.Method:A retrospectively study was performed to analyze the clinical data of153 cases(161 ears)with SSHL treated in Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of The First Hospital of Jilin University from August 2015 to January 2017.Using the SPSS22.0 software to analyze the factors related to the prognosis of SSHL.Result:A total of 153 patients with SSHL were included in this study.Among them,there were 145 cases with unilateral SSHL and 8 cases with bilateral SSHL.Note: In addition to the ear side,the statistical analysis of other related factors only included 145 cases of unilateral SSHL cases.1.Curative effect: In 145 cases of unilateral SSHL,recovery in 46 ears(31.72%),markedly effective in 20 ears(13.79%),effective in 26ears(17.93%),ineffective in 53 ears(36.55%),the total effective rate was63.45%.2.Ear side and prognosis : In 153 cases,the incidence of left ear(49.02%)was slightly higher than that of the right ear(45.75%).The incidence of bilateral SSHL was 5.2%.The cure rate(36%)of the left ear and the total effective rate(68%)were the highest.The cure rate of the bilateral SSHL was the lowest(12.50%).There was no significant difference between the two groups in the curative effect and the total effective rate.3.Gender and prognosis: The cure rate of female(43.06%)and the total effective rate(73.61%)were higher than that of male.The difference of curative effect and total effective rate between the two groups were statistically significant.4.Nation and prognosis: There was no significant difference in the curative effect and the total effective rate between the Han nationality and the minority nationalities.5.Age and prognosis: The age is divided into 6 groups in the table below.Between different groups,there was significant difference in the curative effect and the total effective rate.6.Predisposing factors and prognosis: The rate of recovery(42.86%)and the total effective rate(78.57%)in the group with clear predisposing factors were higher than those of the other group.There was no significant difference between the two groups in the curative effect and the total effective rate.7.The degree of hearing loss and prognosis: The cure rate(62.50%)of mild group and total effective rate(75%)was significantly higher than that of other groups.The cure rate(3.45%)of extremely severe group and total effective rate(51.72%)were the lowest.There was significant difference in the curative effect between different groups.8.Audiometric curve and prognosis: The incidence rate of the full frequency drop type was the highest(39.31%).The cure rate(5.26%)and the total effective rate(49.12%)were significantly lower than that of the other three groups.There was significant difference in the curative effect and the total effective rate between different types.9.Accessory symptoms and prognosis: The incidence of tinnitus was the highest(94.48%),vertigo or dizziness was the second(37.93%),and the aural fullness was the least(22.76%).There was significant difference in the curative effect and the total effective rate in the patients accompanied by aural fullness or vertigo/dizziness symptoms.10.The underlying disease and prognosis: The incidences of hypertension and diabetes were the highest(13.79%).The second was the lacunar infarcts(5.52%).Hyperlipidemia and cervical spondylosis were the lowest(2.76%).There was significant difference in the curative effect in the patients with hypertension.11.The beginning time of therapy and prognosis: The recovery rate(34.19%)of the group treated less than 7 days and the total effective rate(64.96%)were higher than that of other groups.There was no significant difference in the curative effect and the total effective rate between different groups.12.Multivariate analysis: Gender,age and type of audiometric curve are the main factors affecting the prognosis of SSHL.Conclusion:1.The greater the degree of hearing loss,the worse the prognosis.Whether accompanied by ear fullness,vertigo,dizziness and hypertension can affect the prognosis of SSHL,but by Logistic regression analysis,both of which had no significant correlation with prognosis.2.Gender,age and type of audiometric curve can affect the prognosis of SSHL.Logistic regression analysis showed that the three factors are the main factors affecting the prognosis of SSHL.Among male patients with SSHL,the prognosis was worse than that of female patients with SSHL.The prognosis of patients with SSHL between 20 and 29 years old is better than that of the patients aged over 50 years old.The prognosis of the patients with low frequency is better than that of the flat frequency and total deafness.