| Microvascular Disease is a kind of tissue injury caused by various factors such as ischemia(hypoxia),oxidative stress and autoimmunity.The manifestation of microvascular disease has: 1.microvascular motor function and structural abnormalities such as endothelial cell injury.2.Abnormal blood flow such as erythrocyte aggregation,platelet aggregation and thrombosis,blood or plasma becomes viscosity.The basic components of the microvascular wall are endothelial cells,basement membrane,peripheral cells and smooth muscle cells.Vascular endothelial cells(VEC)are a single layer of cells covering the surface of the vascular cavity.It is not only the barrier structure and material transport pathway of blood and vascular wall,but also an important endocrine organ.And it plays an important role in the regulation of vasomotor function and blood flow.Microvascular Disease are associated with VEC damage.VEC damage plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis,hypertension,diabetes,cerebrovascular disease.So VEC is considered to be the major pathological change of microvascular disease.Traditional Chinese medical(TCM)theory holds that Qi is the commander of blood and blood is the mother of Qi.If Qi deficiency can not promote the operation of blood,blood will stasis long times,witch cause gas stagnation and loss of Qi and blood.The function of Qi and blood is closely related to the functional state of pulse.The integrity of the vein and unobstructed is an important factor to ensure the normal of Qi and blood.Modern research shows that the "pulse" of TCM is more relevant to the vascular endothelium of modern medicine than other organs.The cause of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome is closely related to VEC.Chronic illness easy deficiency and blood stasis mostly.Because of VEC damaging over time,the balance between factors related to microvascular disease continues to be impaired.So Blood stasis often exists in patients.There are varying degrees of dark purple tongue,sublingual varicose veins and so on.Disease in the pulse,conditioning blood,blood disease,conditioning context.So according to the principle of Supplementing Qi and activating blood circulation,we can improve microvascular disease.Aquaporins(AQPs)is membrane channel protein.It is involved in membrane water transport.It has been found in 13 species,namely AQP0~AQP12.AQP1 is the only water channel protein found in endothelial cells.It plays a very important role in microvascular endothelial cells except brain.Studies have shown that AQP1 is involved in high efficient transmembrane water transport.And AQP1 is associated with angiogenesis,endothelial cell migration and vasomotor function.It can be seen that AQP1 is closely related to the function of VEC.Compatibility of Astragalus Membranaceus and Salvia Miltiorrhiza is commonly used in clinic.Modern studies have confirmed that Astragalus membranaceus and Salvia miltiorrhiza can protect VEC.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of compatibility of Astragalus Membranaceus and Salvia Miltiorrhiza on pathology of microvascular and its mechanism.At the same time,the effects of different combinations of Astragalus Membranaceus and Salvia Miltiorrhiza on the expression of AQP1 in lung and kidney of rats with microvascular disease were studied.The results are reported as follows:Part 1 The protective effect of compatibility of Astragalus Membranaceus and Salvia Miltiorrhiza on vascular endothelial cells in rats with microvascular disease.Objective:1.We use food restriction method,swimming and subcutaneous injection of adrenaline producing model of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.2.Microvascular disease in Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.Whether the compatibility of Astragalus Membranaceus and Salvia Miltiorrhiza can improve the microvascular disease.Methods: 70 SD male rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: control group,model group,Salvia miltiorrhiza group,Astragalus membranaceus group,compatibility of Astragalus Membranaceus and Salvia Miltiorrhiza 1:1 group,2:1 group,4:1 group.Except for the control group,all rats were subjected to food restriction,swimming and subcutaneous injection of epinephrine.According to the changes of the body weight,the mental state,the tongue,the hair,and the change of the hemorheology,the success of the model was judged.Determination of endothelin-1(ET-1),nitric oxide(NO),thromboxane B2(TXB2)and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1?(6-keto-PGF1?)in rat plasma by ELISA.Results: Compared with control group,the changes of hemorheology parameters and vascular active substances in the model group were statistically significant(P < 0.05).Compared with the compatibility of Astragalus Membranaceus and Salvia Miltiorrhiza in proportion of 1:1 and 4:1 group,2:1 group had significantly lower hemorheology parameters(P < 0.05),and the content of NO,6-keto-PGF1?,and 6-keto-PGF1?/TXB2 ratio were significantly higher(P < 0.05),the level of TXB2 was decreased significantly(P< 0.05).Compared with 4:1 groups,2:1 groups the level of ET-1 was decreased significantly(P < 0.05).Conclusion:1.We use food restriction method,swimming and subcutaneous injection of adrenaline producing model of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.2.The rats with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome have microvascular disease.Compatibility of Astragalus Membranaceus and Salvia Miltiorrhiza can improve microvascular disease.Its mechanism is related to the improvement of endothelial cell function or structure.The ratio of Astragalus Membranaceus and Salvia Miltiorrhiza 2:1 is the best.Part 2 The regulation effect of compatibility of Astragalus Membranaceus and Salvia Miltiorrhiza on lung injury and AQP1 production in rats with microvascular diseaseObjective: In order to verify the compatibility of Astragalus Membranaceus and Salvia Miltiorrhiza could increase the expression of AQP1 to alleviate the lung injury in rats with microvascular disease.Method: Modeling and grouping methods are the same as before: The lung tissue was taken and the wet / dry mass ratio(W/D)was measured.Pathological changes of lung tissue were observed by HE staining.The expression of AQP1 in lung tissue of rats in each group was detected by Western blot method.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of AQP1 in lung tissue of rats in each group.Results: The results of W/D showed that: compared with the control group lung tissue W/D,the model group was significantly increased(P < 0.05),compared with other treatment groups,the 2:1 group was significantly reduced in W/D(P < 0.05).The results of HE staining are as follows: Model group: The alveolar wall telangiectasia,congestion,alveolar wall thickening occurs widely.Partial alveolar expansion and inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the tissues.2:1 group: Alveolar wall telangiectasia and the slightest degree of congestion.Close to the control group.AQP1 shows that: In lung tissue,the expression of AQP1 in model group decreased significantly(P < 0.05).Compared with the other treatment groups the 2:1 group was significantly increased in AQP1(P < 0.05).Conclusion: Compatibility of Astragalus Membranaceus and Salvia Miltiorrhiza can reduce lung injury in rats with microvascular disease.The mechanism may be related to the up regulation of AQP1 expression in lung tissue of rats.Part 3 Effects of compatibility of Astragalus Membranaceus and Salvia Miltiorrhiza on renal injury and expression of AQP1 in renal tissue of rats with microvascular disease.Objective: To verify the compatibility of Astragalus Membranaceus and Salvia Miltiorrhiza could increase the expression of AQP1 to improve renal injury in rats with microvascular disease.Method: Modeling and grouping methods are the same as before: Pathological changes of renal tissue were observed by HE staining.The expression of AQP1 in renal tissue of rats in each group was detected by Western blot method.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of AQP1 in renal tissue of rats in each group.Results: The results of HE staining are as follows: Model group: The glomerular capsule disappeared.The glomerular capillaries were dilated.A large number of red blood cells accumulate in glomeruli.A large number of tubular lumen can be seen in renal tissue.A small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration.2:1 group: The capillaries in glomeruli were dilated and a small amount of red blood cells were seen.AQP1 results shows that: In renal tissue,the expression of AQP1 in model group decreased significantly(P < 0.05).Compared with the model group,the expression level of AQP1 in each treatment group was higher than that in the model group(P < 0.05),and the highest in the 2:1 group(P <0.05).Conclusion: The compatibility of Astragalus Membranaceus and Salvia Miltiorrhiza can reduce the renal injury in rats with microvascular disease,and the expression of AQP1 in renal tissue was up-regulated. |
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