| Objectives To investigate the effects of oxcarbazepine(OXC),levetiracetam(LEV)and sodium valproate(VPA)on cognition and spatial memory of epilepsy rats with Morris water maze.Methods The rats were divided into 4 groups: control group,LEV group,OXC group and VPA group.After the water maze was screened,Kainic Acid(KA)was injected into the lateral ventricle by stereotactic instrumentation.Observation of animal models through EEG and behavioral studies.The rats were treated with LEV group,OXC group and VPA group for 6 weeks.The effects of antiepileptic drugs(AEDs)on memory and cognition were examined by water maze test.Finally,Nissl staining was performed to observe the neuronal changes in the frontal cortex and hippocampal CA1 region.Results The behavioral observation of the model shows that there may be a variety of epileptic seizures,such as circular motion,rolling,intense tumbling and dashing,frequent forelimbs and head movements,chewing,myoclonus,forelimb convulsions,etc.EEG results show spikes,spikes,and slow complex waves.The escape latency of Visible Platform Trainin(VPT)showed that the control group(72.25 ± 38.3s),LEV group(77.68 ± 39.53s),OXC group(75.92 ± 46.68s),VPA group(73.42 ± 38.02 S),p = 0.9909,the difference was not significant.treated effect could be evaluated by estimating betweensubject variance.The results of Hidden Platform Training(HPT)show that the variation of the variance in the individual: the time factor(days)has a statistically significant P = 0.000,indicating that the latency has a tendency to change over time.There was a statistically significant difference between the each two groups.The number of crossing the previous "platform" positions was 1.5 ± 1.51 in the control group,1.6 ± 1.26 in the OCX group,1.55 ± 1.64 in the VPA group and P=0.9873,the difference was not significant.LEV group 2.3 ± 2 times,the number of crossing was significantly higher than the other three,P = 0.4947,with significant.The time in the quadrant of the former platform showed that the control group was 12.76 ± 11.07 s,OCSS group was 13.94 ± 5.02 s,VPA group was 12.11 ± 4.31 s,P = 0.6045,the difference was not significant.LEV group 25.12 ± 11.71 s,in the former "platform" where the quadrant stay was significantly higher than the other three,P = 0.0088,the difference was significant.The results of neuron counting in Hippocampus CA1 showed that the control group was 60.1 ± 4.83 each field of view,which was 27.3% lower than that of the LEV group 76.58±9.51 each field view,which was 7.5% lower than that of the VPA group 64.71±8.99 each field view,and 14% more than VPA group 52.71±7.43 each field view,P < 0.0001,was statistically significant.The results of neuron counting in Frontal cortex showed that the control group was 99.87±14.34 each field of view,which was 24.5% lower than that of the LEV group 124.35±11.31 each field view,which was 13.5% lower than that of the OXC group 113.41±9.90 each field view,and 15.8% lower than VPA group 115.66±13.79 each field view,P = 0.0556,with no statistically significant.The structure of cortex in each group is complete and the clear.Can be observed evenly stained Nissl body particles,of which the control group can be seen more obvious reduction of neurons.Part of the Nissl body dissolved.Conclusions 1 epilepsy rat model can be successfully established by lateral ventricle injection of KA,and can be a good simulation of human seizures.2 LEV can improve the spatial cognitive learning ability of epilepsy rat model.OXC and VPA had no effect on the spatial cognitive learning ability of epilepsy rat model.3 The use of drug treatment,can relieve the impact on the nervous system structure by seizure. |
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