A Phonetic Research Of Laiwu Dialect In Shandong

Laiwu city in shandong province is located in the central, dialect belongs to Ji Lu mandarin Shi Ji chat Thai little pills, internal dialect can be divided into two pieces, south and north. On the basis of field investigation and research results in this paper, on the south words of laiwu dialect(Single pronunciation department, Relationship between phonology and the evolution of ancient, Suffixation retroflex finals, Tone sandhi) strive to comprehensive and detailed analyses. About(south) of laiwu dialect, this article and the main point of the study summarized as follows:1, Laiwu phonetic differences between dialects of the two consonants, vowels and tones there. Initials, ancient mother north piece today read for l, south have l, ? two law; Ancient group of this HongYin words, north read tone between teeth, south piece before reading the tip of the tongue. Finals, North open, fruit intake, first word comfort has been the confluence, the South still has different opening and closing; North the first nose tail rhyme the piece rhyme tail falls off completely for the nose sound, but south the piece nose tail is loose, has falls off the tendency not yet to fall off. The intonation aspect, north the piece has four tone categories, the second tone, the rising tone has not merged; South the piece only then three single tones, the second tone, the rising tone have merged.2, "Er" reads now [l?44], the retroflex vowels constant only initials, form [ei], [?i] complete two sets of sihu 8 flat tongue-retroflex final. Retroflex sound changes involved only 12 basic vowels and retroflex words less, shows a decaying trend. This flat tongue-retroflex final with "er" is difficult to establish a direct phonetic relationship between isolated Word, is likely to be thrown as retroflex "er" basic sound historical time is earlier than the current meaning of "er" sound.3, Heavy, heavy light two-character to even read the tone sandhi of words before, but takes on a different tone sandhi rules and features. Front layer on layer two blocks, in the single tones first tone, the second tone makes the character to want the transposition, the falling tone not transposition. Heavy light of two groups of overlapping words, overlapping AA type group noun word, vocabulary level tone, rising tone, falling tone occurs before a word and tone sandhi tone sandhi tone contours and heavy heavy block is different; AA type of overlapping verb two word group even the rule is simple, just before the level tone word variations.4, Laiwu dialect belongs to the "three tones dialect", words only on the level tone, rising tone and falling tone, rising tone, the rising tone have merged, but in even read modulation can also distinguish between rising tone, the rising tone in the two category. This shows, laiwu dialect vocabulary category and even read the category belong to two different historical level, even read the category of the earlier historys.The achievement of this study can enrich the laiwu dialect, three tones in shandong dialect while reading and vocabulary study of the relationship between the evolution of modern mandarin dialect tone since the merger of the simple research also has certain reference value.