The Research On The Political Ethics Thought Of Xunzi

Xunzi is known as a impotent thinker after Confucius and Mencius. On the one hand, his political ethics thought inherits the former generation of Confucianism, on the other hand, his thought on the basis of the necessity of the times, puts forward his own idea. Xunzi's political ethics thought is an important position in the history of ethics in China.Xunzi's political ethics thought is based on human nature theory and social theory, emphatically discusses the view of human nature is evil, its goodness is false, and the view of distinction between individualism and collectivism. In the aspect of human nature theory, Xunzi raised the theory of original evil of human nature, he thought that human nature should be distinguished between instincts of nature and instincts of social morality. In the theory of original evil of human nature, Xunzi proposed that evil-nature was a natural instinct, and good-nature was an acquired instinct. He also thought that virtue and morality is not inherent, but the result of the artificial modification. In the aspect of social theory, Xunzi considered that individualism and collectivism were the fundamental difference between human society and animal groups. Only do a clear division of labor and cooperation, can the social groups avoid competition and violence, and operate well under the rules.Xunzi's political ethics thought is very rich. The thought of prospering etiquettes and respecting laws is the core content of his thought. He promoted li to the lifeline of the country. He considered that li was not only the standards and norms of people's daily behavior, but also the highest principle and fundamental programme of state governance. Xunzi emphasizes the government by the etiquette, and he does not reject the government by law at the same time. There is a different position between rule by justice and rule by force. Kingly way needs strong military power as the backing, and needs to rely on virtue and morality to make people bend their knees. Xunzi proposed the governance form of develop stable policies and loving the people that thought God makes people not for the interests of the monarch but the establishment of monarchy is for safeguarding the people's interests. The thought also set people to be the source of political power and the enjoyer of political rights with a very high status; Xunzi advocated the way to use talents of selecting the worthy and promoting the capable. He thought that the strength and honor of a country lied in talent selection and advised the monarch to select talents for unselfishness with a no-holds-barred approach; Xunzi believed that a saint should be at the moral pole and the ideal monarch should be strict in self-cultivation to play the leading role for moral values.Xunzi's political ethics thought served as a link between the past and the future and exerted a far-reaching influence. Dong Zhongshu's theory nature is similar to seedlings and good is similar to rice and Zhang Zai and Huang Zongxi's people oriented thought all had a direct relationship with Xunzi. With the objective of participating in political practice as the goal, Xunzi has promoted the Confucianism to become the official ruling ideology in ancient China. Xunzi's political ethics thought has strong realistic significance. Such as in the era of a rising China, we should highlight the enlightening role of the political ethics of rule by justice and rule by force in the construction of a new model of major power relations; the significance of the concept combining the law and ceremony, morality guiding and punishment supplementing to the construction of the socialist rule of law and improvement of the penal system; the positive significance of cultivating one's own morality and integrity to the self-improvement of the party members and the building of working style of the Communist Party of China; and the important inspiration of the concept people being the foundation of the state to the construction of a service-oriented government.