Criticism Of Popper's Anti-historical Determinism From The Perspective Of Historical Materialism

Karl Popper,a representative of critical rationalism,is an influential figure in the twentieth Century.His criticism of historical determinism has not only academic circles,but also has a significant impact in the field of Ideological Theory.Although Popper's ideas are' reasonable,but there are also significant theoretical defects,especially the criticism of historical materialism is full of a lot of distortion.Therefore,it is of great significance to make an in-depth analysis and critique of Popper's anti-historical determinism,which is of great significance to the correct understanding of historical materialism and the guiding role of Marx in the field of ideology and theory.In order to understand the key.of historical determinism and nonhistorical determinism argument,we must firstly understand the meaning of historical determinism and nonhistorical determinism.According to historical determinism,the development of history is determined by causality,necessity and regularity.Non historical determinism holds that there is no causality and inevitability in the field of history,it can not be the precondition and basis for people's historical development.Popper regards historical materialism as a kind of historical determinism,on the basis of which,putting forward the view of anti-historical determinismOn the basis of denying the regularity of history,Popper criticized the historical determinism.First of all,Society is a unique field.Human society and nature are non-qualitative existence,they are fundamentally different.Thus there is no repetitive event in the social sphere.It is impossible to grasp the laws of social history,such as the study of natural phenomena.Secondly,due to the historical facts and people describe the history is different,and people describe history with subjective selectivity,so history is not true history,there can be no significance.Thirdly,the unpredictability of the development of social history,it can only be predicted.Popper think history created by man,the history of the development is affected by the subjective factors,and through hypothesis deductive method cannot be applied to the social and historical phenomenon,so the history can not be predicted.However,the real historical materialism is not what Popper is talking about.Historical materialism holds that the development of productive forces is the decisive force to promote the development of history,and the contradictory movement between productive forces and production relations is the motive force of social development.But in the development of production relations hinder the productive forces,and the superstructure in the development of productive forces to a certain level,and two kinds of production relations exist at the same time,the superstructure will have a decisive role on the economic base.What's more,The development of history is not the result of the will of the individual,but the result of the will of the whole human being.It is not the function of a kind of economy,but the result of the comprehensive effect of various factors of the whole society.Therefore,the historical development is also the result of historical resultant force.Popper's criticism of historical materialism is distorted in many ways,which means that Popper does not understand the historical determinism of historical materialism.Firstly,the historical law of historical materialism is the law of the social basic contradiction.The operation of this basic contradiction makes the development of history inevitable.The inevitability of history is manifested by various kinds of contingency,and the real history is the result of interaction of various factors.Secondly,historical materialism believes that repetition is based on the repetition of social relations,repetition is not a repetition of events than a repetition behind the event,which is essential,inevitable and connected.Thirdly,the unity of historical materialism refers to the three major forms of social developed in turn,but these are not the unity of the three social forms absolutely,each country will have its own special development process and social form.According to the reflection of Popper's theory of anti-historical determinism,although Popper has a certain degree of accuracy in the understanding of the subjective initiative of human beings,but Popper has its mistakes and harms on the methodology and theory.Popper uses the falsification method in the field of social history research,This falsification of the method is the extreme of empiricism.Moreover,Popper's method of error does not be applied to the field of mathematics and logic knowledge.This method is not universal because it is not completely out of logic,Popper used these methods in the Social Sciences,which led to the exaggeration of the role of scientific knowledge and the misunderstanding of Marx's historical determinism.