Effects Of The Manipulation Theory On Literary Translation:a Comparative Study Of The Two Chinese Versions Of The Catcher In The Rye

As the only long novel written by American novelist J.D.Salinger,The Catcher in the Rye played a pivotal role in the twentieth century.Based on the manipulation theory of Andre Lefevere's,this essay attempted to find out the great impact of ideology,poetics and patronage on literary translation through the way of comparing its two Chinese versions.When The Catcher in the Rye published it aroused a might uproar,which tightly and suddenly impacted the America's younger generations.In this novel,the vivid distinctive characters and the special and unique expressions attracted much attention of American readers.After its introduction into China,it had a great influence on a large number of Chinese readers.Meanwhile,some translation activities pointing to it appeared in China and in this thesis the author mainly analyzed two versions of them: one was translated by Shi Xianrong.The other on was by Sun Zhongxu,which have various and distinct differences that can be analyzed by Lefevere's Manipulation Theory effectively.The cultural transition of translation study shock the age of 1980 s.Meanwhile,the translation studies' focal paradigm shifted from linguistic study to cultural perspective of translation,during which the cultural shift of translation was posed by a few forerunners in translational field,among whom,Andre Lefevere and Susan Bassnett made a big difference: Lefevere demonstrated the effect of ideology,poetics and patronage towards translator's selection and strategies of original text,and regarded translation as a rewriting of the original.Translators in different generations,have different cultural and social-historical contexts.They were more likely to manipulate by previous dominant studies of ideology and poetics so as to meet their readers.Therefore,the comparative study of both translations of The Catcher in the Rye of Shi Xianrong and Sun Zhongxu under the framework of manipulation theory of Lefevere is the key point of the process of revealing the theory's practicality and the significance of retranslation of literary works.This thesis thoroughly concludes the manipulation theory by Lefevere,in which the author analyzes two translators' environments of respective society and culture and compares two Chinese versions of The Catcher in the Rye from the views of ideology,poetics and patronage that finally proves that different historical periods have different poetics and ideologies.The connection of patronages impacts the translator's selection of the original texts,strategies and the publication.This thesis discusses the authors' description of figures' image,morality,etc.and the translators' measuring of vocabulary,sentences,idioms,terms and other details.through analyzing these two translation versions,this thesis doesn't appear the traces of the manipulations of ideology,poetics.