The Changes Of Industry Layout In Zhejiang During The Anti-Japanese War

The July 7 Incident of 1937 marked the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War.Zhejiang province is located in the southeast coast,where became battlefield outpost in the Battle of Shanghai.During the next eight years,the invasion of Japan brought great disaster to Zhejiang,in terms of industry which was not only suffered a great loss,but also took changes of industry layout in Zhejiang before the Anti-Japanese War.Zhejiang's modern national industry started very earlier,adjacent to Shanghai in the geographical location,convenient transportation,the better natural resources and human resources.According to statistics,before the Anti-Japanese War,Zhejiang's factories was ranking second,only behind Shanghai.With the tide of war in Hangjiahu area with developed industry,Ningbo,Shaoxing and Wenzhou had been occupied one after another.Zhejiang provincial government was forced to move to the south.In the face of new strategic demand,the government industry re-establishment in the area had taken place in Zhejiang's industry layout.This paper has four parts.The first part analyzes Zhejiang's industry layout before the war,revealing the development status and distribution of industry before the war.The second part discusses the invasion of Japan and the fell of the factories of Hangjiahu area,Ningbo,Shaoxing and Wenzhou.The third part discusses the transfer of factories.The last part discusses Zhejiang provincial government's industrial restructuring policies and the process of industrial restructuring.In the early Anti-Japanese War,a large parts of Hangjiahu area were occupied,Zhejiang provincial government had to moved to the central and southern.Under the lead of the President Huang Shaohong,in order to avoid the industrial facilities used by the enemy,original factories began to transfer.The process of transfer is also a process of reconstruction.It played an important role in the development of the industry,the solution of strategic materials and people's daily necessities.The transfer and reconstruction of Zhejiang industry during the war led to an important change in the industrial layout of Zhejiang.The reconstruction of Zhejiang provincial government mainly concentrated in the southwest area where was relatively backward in the pre-war period.These activities kept the effective strength for the Anti-Japanese War and the people's livelihood in the southwest area.The process of transfer was also a process of population and technology transference.It brought population increase and advanced technology for the southwest and had a positive effect on changing the backward social production model.These also demonstrated the Chinese people forging ahead in the spirit of self-improvement and greatly encouraged people to adhere to the determination and belief of the Anti-Japanese war.