Characteristics And Constraints Of Different Gender,Value Orientation Of College Students

Fairness is related to every aspect of our lives,which is the basic rule of human social life and which is the necessary behavioral norms to maintain cooperation.Because the essence of fair behavior is to weigh the personal interests and others,experimental economists and psychologists often use game theory paradigm to study fairness,including the ultimatum game(UG),which is one of the effective tools of measuring fairness preferences.Many studies found that people tended to refuse the free "windfall" based on a fair consideration.So,from the angle of theory and empirical,the predecessors deeply studied the occurrence and development of fair behavior and explored the influence factors of fairness.This study was inspired by the three fair principles proposed by Deutsch in 1975,one purpose is to examine how the principle of equality and the principle of balance play a role in people's-fair decision-making.As it is difficult to manipulate the principle of the needs of subjects,so this study does not involve the study of the principle of demand,just use it as a control variable,with a certain amount of money as a fair distribution of resources.Because the subjects participating in the experiment will inevitably bring some of their own characteristics,existing research also shows that gender and social value orientation will affect people's fair decision-making.Therefore,the another purpose of this study is to manipulate the situation and plan of fair decision-making to explore the Characteristics and Constraints of Different Gender,Value Orientation of College Students.This study consists of the following two experiments:The experiment one is the discussion of the principle of equality,by examining fair decisions made by respondents in different contexts and scenarios,The Role of Exploring Intention,Relative Revenue and Absolute Revenue in Equitable Decision of College Students Respondents with Different Gender and Value Orientation.The experiment two introduces the principle of equity,standing on both the proposer and the respondent,To examine the characteristics of self-centered deviation in fairness decision-making of different gender and value orientation of college students.The experiment one found that:?Both men and women care about the absolute return and intentions,and the women also care about the relative return;compared with men,women are less tolerant of unfair schemes.?The pro-social and the pro-self both care about the absolute return and intentions,and the pro-self is also concerned about the relative return;the pro-social are inclined to be fair,and the pro-self are in favor of personal interests.?Social value orientation will affect the fair decision of male and female students,and the female are more likely to make a fair decision.Among the pro-social,the male value the other party's intentions;while among the pro-self,the female value the other party's intentions.In the choice of different offers,there are gender differences among the pro-social,where women are more inclined to be fair,while there is no gender differences in the pro-self.The experiment two found that;?the choice of the principle of fairness is more based on the size of individual income under different conditions,Indicating.that the subjects in the fair decision-making there is self-centered self-deviation.?There is no gender difference in the self-deviation of male and female students in the principle of fairness,and both have shown a tendency to selfish.There is also no difference in the value orientation of the different value orientation in the self-deviation of the principle of fairness,and both have shown a tendency to selfish.?In pro-socials,the boys are more selfish than girls;While in individualists,the girls are more selfish than boys.?Whether it is a male or female student or a different value-oriented person,in the face of equality,balance,super-fair and ultra-fair program,regardless of the level of contribution,tend to refuse to violate the principle of equity and equality at the same time.The highest degree of acceptance of equality and equity proposals.In general,when the equilibrium of input-output is not involved,it is the default that the average distribution is based on the principle of equality.When it comes to trade-offs between input and output,the choice of the principle of equality and equity is more based on the individual income under different conditions.But people's fair decision-making does not deviate from the principle of equality and the principle of equity too much,the highest degree of satisfaction with the program in line with the principle of fairness,tend to reject the offers deviation of these two principles of fairness.This shows that the principle of fairness plays an important role in people's fair decision-making.Different gender and value orientation Students show a lot of differences in fair decision making,People in the fair decision-making have shown a tendency to self-interest.But the girls tend to be fairer than boys,the Pro-socials pay more attention to group interests than the individuals.