A Study On The Theory Of Distributive Justice In John Rawls' A Theory Of Justice

The theory of distributive justice in Rawls' theory of justice mainly focuses on two principles of justice,one is the principle of equality and freedom,and the other one is the principle of difference.In Rawls' s view,social justice is determined by the basic distribution of rights-obligations and economic opportunities and social conditions that exist in different classes,so his first principle is to address the problems of rights and freedoms in the political dimension.The second principle is to deal with social and economic inequality.The establishment of these two principles of justice is Rawls' s redesign and distribution of social values and rights and obligations,the original basis of the social system of justice and the fundamental principles to be followed by Rawls envisioned justice.Constructing a fair society with a just social basic structure,critically denying utilitarian ethics with the "maximum minimum rule" so-called "the greatest happiness principle of the largest majority of people",guaranteeing equality and freedom and equal opportunity for each person Everyone who does his duty in the system of justice is the transcendence of the principles of Rawls' justice.And Rawls from the perspective of the most unfavorable view of social inequality,the principle of difference to supplement the principle of equality of opportunity,a reasonable adjustment of low levels of equality and high inequality two institutional arrangements to ease the gap between rich and poor,The great contribution to the theory of distributive justice.Although Rawls' theory of distributive justice is rigorous and logical,it also has its limitations.If we can not solve the freedom and freedom between freedom and equality,the justice and freedom of the principle of justice are confused.The theoretical basis of distributive justice is from the abstract human nature,which does not involve the distribution of unfair roots and can not give people the essence of freedom and equality.Combined with Rawls' principle of equal opportunity and fairness in economic ethics and the actual situation in our country,at the present stage,the social opportunity and fairness should be equal in both conditions and opportunities for social members to choose.In the real life,it mainly reflects in the two aspects: first,the rights and opportunities for all social members of society to participate in the activities are equal,that is,the equal opportunity to participation;second,the society should provide all social members equal opportunity to develop themselves,improve their ability to seize the opportunity,that is,the equal opportunities of development.At the same time,according to the principle of difference,we can implement relief redistribution,insurance redistribution and sustainability redistribution targetedly and hierarchically.